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Sectional Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe the cervical spine. | There are 7. Small in size as compared to other vertebrae. |
| Describe the thoracic spine. | There are 12. Forms the posterior border of the thoracic cage. |
| Describe the lumbar spine. | Usually 5, but 4 or 6 can be present. Forms the posterior border of the Abdominal cavity. |
| Describe the sacrum. | 5 fused vertebral segments. Triangular in shape. Articulated with ilia on either side. |
| Describe the coccyx | 4 small vertebral segments that form the caudal end of the spinal column. 3 or 5 segments can sometimes be seen. |
| What is the largest and heaviest portion of the vertebrae? | Vertebral Body |
| What part of the vertebral column appears oval in the axial plane? | Vertebral Body |
| What structure appears as a wedge in the sagittal plane? | Vertebral Body |
| What is anterior to the vertebral foramen? | Vertebral Body |
| What is the name of the first cervical vertebra that supports the skull? | Atlas |
| What makes the Atlas unique? | The body is missing and is replaced by the dens from the C2. |
| What is the name of the second vertebra? | Axis |
| What is unique about the axis? | It has a unique process, the dens, which extends upward to act as the body of C1. |
| Together the atlas and axis greatly increase what? | greatly increase the ability to rotate the head |
| All cervical vertebrae have what? | a foramen in each transverse process |
| Unlike lower vertebrae, the cervical spinous process is often what? | bifid |
| What does "bifid" mean? | 2 |
| The main airway of the neck consists of what 3 parts? | pharynx, larynx, and the trachea |
| What is the muscular tube of the upper airway called? | Pharynx |
| What are the 2 main functions of the pharynx? | passage for food and air |
| Name the 3 parts that the pharynx is divided into. | Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, and the laryngeal pharynx(or hypopharynx) |
| Where is the nasopharynx located? | posterior to the nasal cavity (just behind the nose) |
| Where is the oropharynx located? | Posterior to the oral cavity and extends from the soft palate to the tip of the epiglottis (or level of the hyoid bone) |
| Where is the laryngeal pharynx (or hypo pharynx) located? | Most inferior portion of the pharynx. Located posterior to the larynx. It extends from the tip of the epiglottis and is continuous with the esophagus. |
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