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Anatomy Q3
Blood Vessels/Aortic Branches
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| hematology | the study of the blood |
| cardiology | the study of the heart |
| angiology | the study of blood vessels |
| arteriology | the study of arteries |
| phlebology | the study of veins |
| tunica intima (tunica interna) | -inner layer -endothelium -smooth surface |
| tunica media | -middle layer -smooth muscle tissue -constrict/dilate |
| tunica externa (tunica adventitia) | -outer layer -connective tissue -support vessel -- anchors to other structures |
| blood vessels in order from the heart back to the heart | 1. arteries 2. arterioles 3. capillaries of the capillary beds 4. venules 5. veins |
| anastomoses | occur normally in the body in the circulatory system, serving as backup routes for blood to flow if one link is blocked or otherwise compromised; collateral circulation |
| vasa vasorum | the network of smaller vessels that supply the cells that make up the outer layer of a blood vessel; provide the vessel wall that they penetrate with metabolites which they would otherwise not receive due to the thickness of the layers making up the wall |
| Pulmonary Circuit: pulmonary trunk | exits the right ventricle |
| Pulmonary Circuit: pulmonary arteries | branch from the pulmonary trunk |
| Pulmonary Circuit: lobar arteries | branch from the pulmonary arteries to lungs; 3 right, 2 left |
| Pulmonary Circuit: pulmonary veins | return oxygen rich blood to the heart and empty into the left atrium; 2 right, 2 left; the only veins that are oxygen rich |
| Systemic Circulation: systemic arteries | carry oxygenated blood away from the heart |
| aorta | largest artery in the body |
| Systemic Circulation: aorta | vessel leaving the left ventricle |
| ascending aorta | ascends from the left ventricle; branches include the right & left coronary arteries |
| aortic arch | lies posterior to the manubrium of the sternum |
| three branches of the aortic arch | 1. brachiocephalic 2. left common carotid 3. left subclavian |
| brachiocephalic trunk (brachiocephalic artery, innominate artery) | an artery of the mediastinum that supplies blood to the right arm and the head and neck; 1st branch of the aortic arch; divides into the right common carotid artery and the right subclavian artery |
| left common carotid artery | an artery that supplies the left side of the head and neck with oxygenated blood; divides in the neck to form the external and internal carotids |
| left subclavian artery | a major artery of the upper thorax that mainly supplies blood to the head and arms |
| branches of the left subclavian artery | 1. vertebral artery 2. internal thoracic artery 3. thyrocervical trunk 4. costocervical trunk |
| vertebral artery | main blood supply to the posterior portion of the brain |
| internal thoracic artery | supplies the anterior chest & breast |
| thyrocervical trunk | supplies the thyroid & neck |
| costocervical trunk | supplies the superior intercostals & neck |
| descending aorta | continues from the aortic arch & divides into the thoracic aorta & abdominal aorta |
| parietal branches of the descending aorta | supply the walls |
| visceral branches of the descending aorta | supply the organs |
| posterior intercostal arteries | supply blood to the intercostal spaces; continuous with the anterior intercostal arteries 1. parietal 2. thoracic 3. paired (9 pairs) 4. supply intercostal spaces |
| subcostal arteries | lie below the last ribs, constitute the lowest pair of branches derived from the thoracic aorta, and are in series with the intercostal arteries 1. parietal 2. thoracic 3. paired (1 pair) 4. supply area below 12th rib |
| superior phrenic arteries | small arteries that arise from the lower part of the thoracic aorta; they are distributed to the posterior part of the upper surface of the diaphragm 1. parietal 2. thoracic 3. paired 4. posterior part of upper surface of diaphragm |
| esophageal arteries | *4 or 5 in number 1. visceral 2. thoracic 3. unpaired 4. supply the esophagus |
| bronchial arteries | 1. visceral 2. thoracic 3. unpaired 4. supply blood to the bronchi & connective tissue of the lungs |
| inferior phrenic arteries | 1. parietal 2. abdominal 3. paired 4. supply the diaphragm |
| lumbar arteries | 1. parietal 2. abdominal 3. paired 4. lumbar vertebrae |
| median sacral artery | 1. parietal 2. abdominal 3. unpaired (only 1 artery) 4. supplies the sacrum |
| middle suprarenal arteries | 1. visceral 2. abdominal 3. paired 4. supply the adrenal glands |
| renal arteries | 1. visceral 2. abdominal 3. paired 4. supply the kidneys |
| gonadal arteries | 1. visceral 2. abdominal 3. paired 4. supply the testicles or ovaries |
| celiac trunk | the first major branch of the abdominal aorta; branches from the aorta around the level of the T12 vertebra 1. visceral 2. abdominal 3. unpaired 4. supplies the digestive system |
| branches of the celiac trunk: left gastric artery | arises from the celiac trunk & runs along the superior portion of the lesser curvature of the stomach 1. visceral 2. abdominal 3. unpaired 4. supplies the stomach & esophagus |
| branches of the celiac trunk: splenic artery | 1. visceral 2. abdominal 3. unpaired 4. supplies the spleen |
| branches of the celiac trunk: common hepatic artery | 1. visceral 2. abdominal 3. unpaired 4. supplies the liver, pylorus, duodenum, and pancreas |
| hepatic | liver |
| mesenteric | intestines |
| superior mesenteric artery | 1. visceral 2. abdominal 3. unpaired 4. supplies the small intestine & proximal region of the large intestine |
| inferior mesenteric artery | 1. visceral 2. abdominal 3. unpaired 4. supplies the distal portion of the large instestine |
Created by:
leahmurphy
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