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Anatomy Cardiac Voca
Anatomy Cardiac Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Diastole | Period of the cardiac cycle when either the ventricles or the atria are relaxing. |
| Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG) | Graphic record of the electrical activity of the heart. |
| Endocardium | Endothelial membrane that lines the interior of the heart. |
| Epicardium | Serous membrane that forms the inner most layer of the pericardium & outer surface of the heart. |
| Myocardium | Layer of the heart wall composed of cardiax muscle. |
| Pacemaker | Artifical device for stimulating the heart muscle & regulating its contractions. |
| Pericardium | Double layered sac enclosing the heart & forming its superficial layer. |
| Systole | Period of the cardiac cycle when either the ventricles or the atria are contracting |
| Vasoconstriction | Narrowing of blood vessels. |
| Vasodilation | Relaxation of the smooth muscle of the blood vessels, producing dilation. |
| Ventricle | Paired, inferiorly located heart chamber that functions as the major blood pump. |
| Venule | A small vein. |
| Viscosity | State of being sticky or thick. |
| Asystole | "Flatlin"; A state of no cardiac electrical activity. |
| Congestive Heart Failure | Condition in which the pumping efficency of the heart is depressed so that circulation is inadequate to meet tissue needs. |
| Palpitation | Noticeably rapid, strong, or irregular heart beat due to agitation, exertion, or iliness. |
| Sinus Rhythm | The normal beating of the heart, measured by an electrocardiogram (60-100bpm) |
| Atria | Each of the two upper cavities of the heart from which blood is passed to the ventricles. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the veins of the body; the left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary vein. |
| Cardiac cycle | A full contraction/relaxation of all four heart chambers |
| What do the T waves represent | Ventricle repolarization |
| What does the ST segment represent | Early part of ventricular repolarization (ventricles contract but not electricity) |
| What does the QRS complex represent | Indicates ventricular depolarization |
| What does the Q-T interval represent | Electrical depolarization and repolarization of the ventricles (very fast heart rates shorten Q-T length) |
| Tachycardia | Persistent, resting adult heart rate of >100 (stress, anxiety, drugs, heart disease, or high body temp) |
| Bradycardia | Persistant, resting adult HR of <60 (sleep, endurance athletes. Higher chances of stroke) |
| S1 (lubb) | Louder/longer. Occurs with closure of AV valves |
| S2 (dupp) | Softer/sharper. Occurs with closure of semi-lunar valves |
| Aortic valve | Inferior to pulmonary valve. No chordae tendineae |
| Pulmonary valve | Most superior of the valves. No chordae tendineae |
| Fossa Ovalis | Remnant of fetal foramen ovale, inside the right atrium |
| Papillary muscle | Raised bundles of cardiac muscle that attach to right and left AV's |
| Trabeculae carnae | Meaty ridges that raise from the surfaces of the ventricles |
| Interventricular septum | Seperates right and left ventricles |
| Right ventricle | Covers most of anterior surface. Pumps deoxy blood through pulmonary semilunar valve to the lungs (via pulmonary trunk) |
| Right atrium | Receives deoxygented blood from superior/inferior vena cava and coronary sinus. Pumps blood to right ventricle through the tricuspid valve (right AV) |
| Blood going in and out of the heart from pulmonary circuit | Veins send oxygenated blood in and arteries send deoxygenated blood out |
| Blood going in and out of the heart from systematic circuit | Veins send deoxygenated blood in and arteries send oxygenated blood out |
| The layers of the heart from the outside | Pericardium(pariteal), epicardium (visceral), myocardium, endocardium |
| Left atrium | Revieves oxygenated blood from lungs. 4 pulmonary veins, Pumps blood to left ventricle from mitral/bicuspid valve (left AV) |
Created by:
lizrod
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