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Anatomy Q3
The Heart
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Right Atrium: Oxygen poor or rich? | oxygen poor |
Right Atrium: Sending or receiving? | receiving |
Right Atrium: systemic or pulmonary? | systemic |
Right Atrium: end or beginning? | end |
Right Ventricle: Oxygen poor or rich? | oxygen poor |
Right Ventricle: Sending or receiving? | sending |
Right Ventricle: Systemic or pulmonary? | pulmonary |
Right Ventricle: End or beginning? | beginning |
Left Atrium: oxygen poor or rich? | oxygen rich |
Left Atrium: Sending or receiving? | receiving |
Left Atrium: Systemic or pulmonary: | Pulmonary |
Left Atrium: End or beginning? | end |
Left Ventricle: Oxygen poor or rich? | oxygen rich |
Left Ventricle: Sending or receiving? | sending |
Left Ventricle: Systemic or pulmonary? | systemic |
Left Ventricle: End or beginning? | beginning |
How many pulmonary veins? | 2 right, 2 left (4 total) Located in Left Atrium |
The heart is a ____ pump | double |
takes blood to and from the lungs | pulmonary cicuit |
takes blood to and from the body tissues | systemic circuit |
receive blood from the pulmonary & systemic circuits | atria |
pumping chambers of the heart | ventricles |
send blood from the pulmonary & systemic circuits | ventricles |
largest organ of the mediastinum | heart |
strong layer of dense connective tissue | fibrous pericardium |
external layer of the pericardium | fibrous pericardium |
formed by two layers -- parietal pericardium & visceral pericardium | serous pericardium |
outer/superficial layer of the serous pericardium | parietal pericardium |
inner/deep layer of the serous pericardium | visceral pericardium |
external layer of the heart wall | epicardium |
visceral layer of the pericardium | epicardium |
middle layer of the heart wall -- consists of cardiac muscle | myocardium |
inner layer of the heart wall -- endothelium resting on a layer of connective tissue | endocardium |
lines the internal walls of the heart and forms the heart valves | endocardium |
an external groove that marks the division between the atria and the ventricles | coronary sulcus |
external grooves that mark the division between the ventricles on both the anterior & posterior side of the heart | anterior & posterior interventricular sulcus |
vessels that enter the right atrium (3) | SVC, IVC & Coronary sinus |
remnant of a fetal circulatory structure known as the foramen ovale | fossa ovalis |
location of the fossa ovalis | right atrium |
aka right atrioventricular valve | tricuspid valve |
valve located between the right atrium & right ventricle | tricuspid valve |
when the tricuspid valve opens, blood flows from the ____ ____ to the ____ ____ | right atrium to the right ventricle |
when the tricuspid valve is closed, it prevents backflow from the ____ ____ to the ____ ____ | right ventricle to the right atrium |
receiving chamber for oxygen poor blood | right atrium |
pumping chamber for the pulmonary circuit | right ventricle |
vessel leaving the right ventricle | pulmonary trunk |
cone-shaped muscles projecting from the ventricular wall | papillary muscles |
thin, strong bands attached to the papillary muscles & the flaps of the tricuspid valve | chordae tendineae |
structures that help to prevent backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium | chordae tendineae |
the valve located at the base of pulmonary trunk | pulmonary valve (pulmonary semilunar valve) |
when the pulmonary valve opens, blood flows from the ___ ___ to the ___ ___ | right ventricle to the pulmonary trunk |
when the pulmonary valve closes, it prevents backflow from the ___ ___ to the ___ ___ | pulmonary trunk to the right ventricle |
receiving chamber for oxygen-rich blood | left atrium |
receive oxygen-rich blood returning from the right lung | right pulmonary veins |
receive oxygen-rich blood returning from the left lung | left pulmonary veins |
the vessels that enter the left atrium | pulmonary veins |
structure located between the left atrium & left ventricle | bicuspid valve |
aka left atrioventricular valve | bicuspid valve |
when the bicuspid valve opens, blood flows from the ___ ___ to the ___ ___ | left atrium to the left ventricle |
when the bicuspid valve closes, it prevents backflow from the ___ ___ to the ___ ___ | left ventricle to the left atrium |
pumping chamber for the systemic circuit | left ventricle |
the vessel leaving the left ventricle | aorta |
the valve located at the base of the aorta | aortic valve (aortic semilunar valve) |
when the aortic valve opens, blood flows from the ___ ___ to the ___ | left ventricle to the aorta |
when the aortic valve closes, it prevents backflow from the ___ to the ___ ___ | aorta to the left ventricle |
How many beats per minute when the heart is at rest? | 70-80 |
the left ventricle is ___ times thicker than the right ventricle | 3 |
which ventricle exerts more pumping force? | left |
each valve is composed of... | endocardium with connective tissue |
sets the inherent rate of contraction - known as the heart's internal pacemaker | sinoatrial node |
cardiac muscle tissue has the intrinsic ability to... | generate & conduct impulses and signal cells to contract rhythmically |
"resting & digesting" | parasympathetic |
"fight, flight or fright" | sympathetic |
fibers running from cervical and upper thoracic chain ganglia | sympathetic |
branches of the vagus nerve | parasympathetic fibers |
vessels arising from the ascending aorta & located in the coronary sulcus | coronary arteries |
drains the oxygen-poor blood from the tissues of the heart itself & empties into the right atrium | coronary sinus |