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med term wk 8

medical terminology a living language

QuestionAnswer
which system begins breaking down food through mechanical and chemical digestion? digestive system
an/o anus
append/o appendix
appendic/o appendix
bar/o weight
bucc/o cheeck
cec/o cecum
cholangi/o bile duct
chol/e bile, gall
cholecyst/o gall bladder
choledoch/o common bile duct
cirrh/o yellow
col/o colon
colon/o colon
dent/o tooth
diverticul/o pouch
duoden/o duodenum
enter/o small intestines
esophag/o esophagus
gastr/o stomach
gingiv/o gums
gloss/o tongue
hepat/o liver
ile/o ileum
jejun/o jejunum
labi/o lip
lapar/o abdomen
lingu/o tongue
lith/o stone
odont/o tooth
or/o mouth
palat/o palate
pancreat/o pancreas
pharyng/o pharynx
polyp/o polyp
proct/o anus, rectum
pylor/o pylorus
pyr/o fire
rect/o rectum
sialaden/o salivary gland
sigmoid/o sigmoid colon
-emesis vomit
-istry specialty of
-lithiasis condition of stones
-orexia appetite
-pepsia digestion
-phagia eat, swallow
-prandial pertaining to a meal
-tripsy surgical crushing
what is another term for the digestive system? gastrointestinal system
how long is the gut? thirty feet
what are two other names for the gut? ailmentary canal, gastrointestingal tract
what are the eight organs along the GI tract? oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, colon, rectum and anus
what would you call an organ which participates in digestion but is not part of the alimentary canal? accessory organs
what are the four acessorry organs connected to the gut by a duct? liver, pancreas, gallbladder, salivary glands
what are the three main functions of the digestive system? digesting food, absorbing nutrients, eliminating waste
which bodily secretion uses digestive enzymes to break down carbohydrates? saliva
what two purposes does the uvula serve? produces the gag reflex, assists in speech
from the front to the back what are the four types of teeth in order? incisors, cuspids, bicuspids, molars
what is another word for bicuspid? premolars
what is another term for cuspids? canines
what is the name of the part of the tooth visible above the gum line? crown
what is the name of the hard covering of the tooth? enamel
what is the tooth layer below the enamel? dentin
what is the cavity within the tooth called? pulp cavity
what ligament anchors the tooth to the jaw? periodontal ligament
what is the name of the part of the tooth found between the periodontal ligaments and the dentin? cementum
what is another term for baby teeth? deciduous teeth
how many baby teeth are there? twenty
when do baby teeth begin to fall out? age six
how many permanent teeth are there? thirty two
what are the two pharynx that food enters when it is swallowed? orpharynx, laryngopharynx
what is the term for the wavelike contractions which propel food through the GI tract? peristalsis
what is the J shaped muscular organ which collects and churns food with digestive juices? stomach
what is the upper region of the stomach called? fundus
what is the main portion of the stomach called? body
what is the lower part of the stomach called? antrum
what are the folds in the lining of the stomach called? rugae
what is secreted by the glands in the mucous membrane lining of the stomach hydrochloric acid
what is the liquid mixture which passes through the remaining structures in the digestive system from the stomach. chyme
what is the name of the muscular valves which control entry to and exit from the stomach? sphincters
what is the name of the sphincter located between the esophagus and the fundus? cardiac sphincter
what is another name for the cardiac sphincter? lower esophageal sphincter
what sphincter regulates the passage of food into the small intestine? pyloric sphincter
what is another name for the small intestine? small bowel
how long is the small intestine? twenty feet
what are the three sections of the small intestine? duodenum, jejunum, ilium
how long is the duodenum? ten to twelve inches
how long is the jejunum? eight feet
how long is the ilium? twelve feet
what is the sphincter which connects the ilium to the colon? ileocecal valve
how long is the colon? five feet
which part of the digestive system extends from the cecum to the anus? colon
what would you call the small pouch or saclike area in the first 2-3 inches at the beginning of the colon? cecum
which part of the colon extends from the cecum to the lower border of the liver? ascending colon
which section of the colon spans from the ascending colon to the spleen? transverse colon
which section of the colon traveles down the left side of the body to the sigmoid colon? descending colon
which section of the colon begins at the descending colon and ends at the rectum? sigmoid colon
what would you call the small worm shaped outgrowth at the end of the cecum? vermiform appendix
which sphincter consists of rings of voluntary and involuntary muscles to control the evacuation of feces? anal sphincter
what is the word for the evacuation of feces? defacation
what would you call saliva mixed with chewed food in the mouth? bolus
what digestive enzyme does saliva contain? amylase
what are the salivary glands in front of the ears called? parotid glands
what are the two salivary glands on the roof of the mouth? submandibular and sublingual glands
what large organ is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen? liver
what important digestive substance does the liver produce? bile
what is the process of bile breaking up fats making them easier to digest? emulsification
where is the bile produced by the liver stored? gall bladder
what are the two ducts bile needs to travel down and up to get to the gall bladder? hapatic and cystic ducts
which duct carries the bile to the duodenum? common bile duct
which duct connects the pancreas to the duodenum? pancreatic duct
what two important secretions does the pancreas make? buffers and pancreatic enzymes
what function does pancreatic enzyme serve? digests carbohydrates, fats and proteins
-centesis process of removing fluid
intra- within
Created by: Megsandbacon
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