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Lecture 3
Organisation of the cell
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are Organelles | Organs of the cell |
| a system of channels that is continuous with the nuclear membrane (or “envelope”) | endoplasmic reticulum (ER) |
| What does the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) do | provides passages throughout much of the cell that function in transporting, synthesizing, and storing materials Highway from the Nucleus to the rest of the cell |
| How is a cell produced | by division of existing cells |
| What is a cell | The smallest unit of a living thing |
| What can take over a cell | a virus |
| What is the difference between sex cells and somatic cells | Somatic cells have a complete set of chromosomes (DNA) and sex cells have only 1/2 the chromosones |
| an organelle that serves as the site of protein synthesis (protein factories) | ribosome |
| Main function of smooth ER Endoplasmic reticulum | the synthesis of lipids |
| Main function of Rough ER Endoplasmic reticulum | the synthesis and modification of proteins destined for the cell membrane or for export from the cell. growth of cell membrane |
| synthesizes (manufactures) phospholipids, steroid hormones, regulates the concentration of cellular Ca++, metabolizes some carbohydrates, and breaks down certain toxins | Smooth ER Endoplasmic reticulum |
| responsible for sorting, modifying, and shipping off the products that come from the rough ER,much like a post-office. | Golgi apparatus |
| an organelle that contains enzymes that break down and digest unneeded cellular components, such as a damaged organelle. or can destroy the whole cell | lysosomes |
| The brain of the cell | Nucleus |
| looks like stacks of pancakes or pitabread | Golgi apparatus |
| The center of the Nucleus | Nucleolus |
| carries most genetic information | Nucleus |
| manipulates products from the rough ER, and also produces new organelles called lysosomes | Golgi apparatus |
| makes ribosomal subunits | Nucleolus |
| a group of fibrous proteins that provide structural support for cells also critical for cell motility, cell reproduction, and transportation of substances within the cell. | cytoskeleton |
| thick jelly like solution that fills each cell and is enclosed by the cell membrane. | Cytoplasm |
| bean-shaped organelle that is the energy-conversion factories of the cell | Mitochondria |
| Plasma membrane | Cell membrane outer cell wall |
| Protects the cell. regulates what can exit and enter the cell | Cell membrane |
| inside the nuceleus surrounding the nuceleolus | Chromatin (contains DNA and Protein) |
| the condensed form of Chromatin | Chromosomes |
Created by:
Leonie
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