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carnegie nutrition
Nutrition carbohydrates and fats quiz review ma winter 2015
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the major function of carbohydrates? | To provide heat and energy |
| what is the major building block of a carbohydrate (CHO) and how is it stored? | Glucose, stored as glycogen in liver and muscle cells |
| how many calories of energy do we get from CHO? | 4 calories per gram |
| what percent of daily calorie intake should come from CH O? | 55 to 57% |
| what are the three groups of carbohydrates? | Monosaccharides disaccharides, polysaccharides |
| which saccharide is referred to as a simple sugar? | Monosaccharide |
| list some examples of monosaccharides | glucose, fructose, galactose |
| which saccharide is referred to as a complex CHO? | Polysaccharide |
| list some examples of polysaccharides | starches, whole grains |
| Know the two ways we store extra glucose | as glycogen( long chains) ; triglycerides |
| which type of fiber lowers cholesterol? | Soluble fiber |
| list examples of soluble fiber | oat bran (oatmeal), fruits, vegetables |
| which type of fiber helps with the elimination? | insoluble fiber |
| list some examples of insoluble fiber | whole grains, vegetables |
| what is a whole grain? | I'll grain that has all its parts |
| list all the parts of a whole grain | inner germ, endosperm, outer bran layer |
| what is a Glycemic index? | The rate the food will raise your blood sugar |
| what is a healthy glycemic index? | A food below 70 |
| what is the major function of fat? | Provides heat and energy |
| how many calories of energy do we get from fat? | 9 calories per gram |
| what is saturated fat? | Fat that comes from animal sources, solid at room temperature |
| list some examples of saturated fat | whole milk, red meat, egg yolks |
| what is a triglyceride? | The main storage form of lipids, made of three fatty acids and glycerol broken down into fatty acids and used by the cells |
| what is a lipoprotein? | A molecule made by the liver, made of lipid and protein and it transports lipids throughout the body |
| is LDL? | The bad cholesterol, keri cholesterol from the liver and deposited into the tissues think back side |
| what is HDL? | Good cholesterol, carrying cholesterol from the tissues back to the liver |
| what is the recommended fat intake? | 20 to 35 percent of your total calories |
| what is cholesterol? | Not a fat! Liver uses fat to make it |
| how is cholesterol used in the body and where is it made? | Used for cell membranes, steroid hormones and vitamin D |
| what is a trans fat? | Fat produced by heating vegetable oils in the presence of hydrogen |
| list some sources of trans fat | margarine, mayonnaise, peanut butter, creamy salad dressings, baked goods |
| is trans fat healthy or unhealthy? | Unhealthy and cannot be used by the body |
| what is unsaturated fat? | All of carbons are not bonded to hydrogen these are healthy fats, easily used by the body |
| name two kinds of unsaturated fat | polyunsaturated and monounsaturated |
| list some sources of monounsaturated fat | olive oil |
| list some sources of polyunsaturated fat | sunflower oil, corn oil, omega 3 fatty acids |
| what things can lower serum cholesterol and triglycerides? | Exercise, soluble fiber, decrease saturated fat intake |
Created by:
ma2b
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