Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
BIOL 2402 CHP.19/18
BIOL 2402 CHP.19
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ABO Blood Group | Blood-type classification based on the presence or absence of A and B glycoprotiens on the erythrocyte membrane surface. |
| Agglutination | Clustering of cells into masses linked by antibodies |
| Agranular Leukocytes | Leukocytes with few granules in their cytoplasm EX: Monocytes ,Lymphocytes |
| Albumin | 54%, osmotic pressure of blood along w/ Na+ blood buffer |
| Anemia | Deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin |
| Antibodies | (Immunoglobins or Gamma Globulins) antigen-specific protiens produced by specialized B lymphocytes that protect the body by binding to foreign objects such as bacteria and viruses |
| Anticoagulant | substance such as heparin that opposes coagulation |
| antithrombin | anticogulant that inactivates facator X and opposes the conversion of prothrombin (factor II) into thrombin in the common pathway |
| B Lymphocytes | (B Cells) lymphocyes that defend the body against specific pathogens and thereby provide specfic immunity |
| Basophils | WBC; less that 0.5-1% in blood; Has Granules(deep blue); Release chemicals that medicate inflammation and allergic respones |
| Bilirubin | Yellowish bile pigment produced when iron removed from heme and is further broken down into waste products |
| Biliverdin | Green bile pigment produced when the non-iron portion of heme is degraded into a waste product; converted to bilirubin in the liver |
| Blood | Liquid connective tissue composed of formed elements - erythocytes, leukocytes, and platelets - and a fluid extracellular matrix called plasma; component of the cardiovascular system |
| Bone Marrow Biopsy | Diagnostic test of a sample of red bone marrow |
| Bone Marrow Transplant | Treeatment in which a donor's healthy bone marrow with its stem cells replaces diseased or damages bone marrow of a patient |
| Buffy Coat | Thin,pale layer of leukocytes and platelets that separates the erythrocytes from the plasma in a sample of centrifu |
| Carbaminohemoglobin | Compound of carbon dioxide and hemobglobin, and one of the ways in which carbon dioxide is carried in the blood |
| Clotting Factors | Group of 12 identified substances active in coagulation |
| Coagulation | Formation of a blood clot; part of the process of hemostasis |
| Colony-Stimulating Factors(CSFs) | Glycoproteins that trigger the proliferation and differenation of myeloblasts into grammer leukocytes EX: Basophils, Neutrophils, and Eosinophils |
| Common Pathway | Final Coagulation pathway activated either by the intrinsic or the extrinsic pathway, and ending in the formation of a blood clot |
| Cross Matching | Blood test for for identification of blood type using antibodies and small samples of blood |
| Cytokines | Class of proteins that act as autocrine or paracrine signaling molcules; in the cardiovascular system, they stimulate the proliferation of progenitor cells and help to stimulate both nonspecific and specifc resistance to disease |
| Defensins | Antimicrobial proteins released from neutrophils and macrophages that create openings in the plasma membranes to kill cells |
| Deoxyhemoglobin | Molecule of hemoglobin w/o an oxygen molecule bound to it |
| Diapedesis | (Emigration) process by which leukocytes squeeze through adjacent cells in a blood vessel wall to enter tissue |
| Embolus | Thrombus that has broken free from the blood vessel wall and entered the circulation |
| Emigration | (Diapedesis) process by which leukocytes squeeze through adjacent cells in a blood vessel wall to enter tissue |
| Eosinophil | WBC; 1-4% in blood ; Has Granules(deep red); Destroy invaders(antibody-coated parasites) |
| Erythrocyte | RBC; transports oxygen and carbon dioxide; composed mostly of hemoglobin; mature myeloid blood cells |
| Erythroproietin(EPO) | Glycoprotein that triggers the bone marrow to produce RBCs; secreted by the kidney in response to low oxygen levels |
| Extrinsic Pathway | Initial coagulation pathway that begins with tissue damage and results in the activation of common pathway |
| Ferritin | Protein-containing storage form of iron found in the bone marrow, liver, and spleen |
| Fibrin | Insoluble, filamentous protein that forms the structure of a blood clot |
| Fibrinogen | Plasma protein; 7%, produced in the liver and involved in blood clotting |
| Fibrinolysis | Gradual degradation of a blood clot |
| Formed Elements | Cellular components of blood; that is erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets |
| Globin | Heme-containing globular protein that is constituent of hemoglobin |
| Globulins | Plasma Protein; 30%, protein that binds to lipids and fat solute vitamins |
| Granular Leukocytes | Leukocytes w/ abundant granules in their cytoplasm EX: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils |
| Hematocrit | Volume percentage of erythrocytes in a sample of centrifuged blood |
| Heme | Red, iron-containing pigment to which oxygen binds in hemoglobin |
| Hemecytoblast | Hemopietic stem cell that gives rise to the formed elements of blood |
| Hemoglobin | Oxygen in blood that gives it is red color |
| Hemolysis | Destruction(lysis) of erythrocytes and the release of their hemoglobin into circulation |
| Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn(HDN) | (Erythroblastosis Fetalis) disorder causing agglutination and hemolysis in an Rh+ fetus or newborn of an Rh- mother |
| Hemophilia | Genetic disorder characterized by inadequate synthesis of clotting factors |
| Hemopoiesis | Production of the formed elements of blood |
| Hemopoietic Growth Factors | Chemical signals including erythropoietin, thrombopoietin, colony-stimulating factors and interleukins that regulate the differentiation and proliferation of particular blood progenitor cells |
| Hemopoietic Stem Cell | Type of pluripotent stem cell that gives rise to the formed elements of blood(hemocytoblasts) |
| Hemorrhage | Excessive bleeding |
| Hemosiderin | Protein-containing storage form of iron found in the bone marrow, liver, and spleen |
| Hemostasis | Physiological process by which bleeding ceases |
| Heparin | Short-Acting anticoagulant stored in mast cells and released when issues are injured, opposes prothrombin |
| Hypoxemia | Below- normal level of oxygen saturation of blood (typically<95%) |
| Interleukins | Signaling molecules that may function in hemopoiesis, inflammation, and specific immune response |
| Intrinsic Pathway | Initial coagulation pathway that begins w/ vascular damage or contact w/ foreign substances, and results in the activation of the common path |
| Leukemia | Cancer involving leukocytes |
| Leukocyte | WBCs |
| Leukocytosis | Excessive leukocyte proliferation |
| Leukopenia | Below-Normal production of leukocytes |
| Lymphocytes | WBC; 20-35% in blood; no granules; specific responses to invaders including antibody production |
| Lymphoid Stem Cell | Type of hemopoietic stem cells that gives rise to lymphocytesm including various T cells, B Cells, and NK cells, all of which function in immunity |
| Lymphoma | Form of cancer in which masses of malignant T and/or B lymphocytes collect in lymph nodes, the spleen, the liver, and other tissues |
| Lysozyme | Digestive enzymes w/ bacterial properties |
| Macrophage | Phagocytic cell of the myeloid lineage; a mature monocyte |
| Megakaryocyte | Bone marrow cell that produces platelets |
| Memory Cell | Type of B or T lymphocyte that forms after exposure to a pathogen |
| Monocyte | 3-8% in blood; WBC; no granules; ingest and destroy invaders and antigen presentation |
| Myeloid Stem Cells | RBCs and WBCs |
| Natural Killer (NK) Cells | Cytotoxic lymphocytes capable of recognizing cells that do not express "self" proteins on their plasma membrane or that contain foreign or abnormal markers; provides generalized, nonspecific immunity |
| Neutrophils | WBC; 50-70% in blood ; has granules(fine; light pink to light purple) ; ingest and destroy invaders |
Created by:
jazzygirl
Popular Anatomy sets