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A&P 1 LAB
direcional terms intro to A&P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anatomical position | standard body position *erect,head level,eyes forward *feet flat on the floor *arms at the sides *palms facing forward |
| superior | *above *towards the head or upper part of a structure |
| inferior=caudal | *below *awar from the head or lower part of a structure |
| anterior=ventral | *nearer to or at the front of the body |
| posterior=dorsal | *back *nearer to or at the back of the body |
| medial | *nearer to the midline |
| lateral | *farther from the midline |
| proximal | nearer to *if a limb, nearer to the point of attachment |
| distal | * farther from *if a limb farther from the point of attachment |
| superficial=external | toward or on the surface of the body |
| deep=internal | *away from the surface of the body |
| ipsilateral | * on the same side of the body as another structure |
| contralateral | *on the opposite side of the body from another structure |
| planes | * body planes are imaginary flat surfaces that pass through body parts |
| sagittal plane | *vertical *divides the body into right and left |
| mid-sagittal plane=median sagittal plane | *sagittal plane directly down the midline * equal parts |
| parasagittal plane | *sagittal plan offset from the midline *unequal parts |
| frontal plane=coronal plane | *vertical *divides body into anterior and posterior parts |
| transverse plane=cross sections=horizontal plane | *horizontal *divides the body into superior and inferior planes |
| oblique plane | *passes through the body on an angle between the transverse plane & either a sagittal or frontal plane *SLANT |
| body cavities | *spaces within the body that house,protect,& separate internal organs |
| cranial cavity | *encases the brain |
| vertebral=spinal cavity | *runs within the bony vertebral column *encloses the spinal card |
| thoracic cavity | *fromed by the ribs,muscles of the chest, the breastbone & chest portions of the spine *houses the HEART & LUNGS(plus esophagus,trachea,etc.) |
| pericardial cavity | *surrounds the HEART |
| pleural cavities | *surround each lung |
| mediastinum | *cavity between the lungs that contain all thoracic organs except the lungs *heart,esophagus,trachea,thymus,several large blood vessels |
| abdominopelvis cavity | extends from the diaphragm to the groin and is enriched by the abdominal wall & bones of muscles of the pelvis |
| abdominal cavity contains most of | *large intestine,small intestine,stomach,liver,spleen,&gallbladder |
| pelvic cavity contains | portions of the large intestine,& urinary bladder |
| retroperitoneal | *contain *kidneys & pancreas |
| abdominopelvic quadrants | *right upper quadrant *right lower quadrant *left upper quadrant *left lower quadrant |
| number of organ systems in body | 11 |
| integumentary system organs | *skin *related structures hair,nails,sweat 7 oil glands |
| integumentary system function | * protection *body temperature regulation & perception |
| skeletal system organs | *bones *cartilage *joints |
| skeletal system function | *support *protection *blood cell production *movement |
| muscular system organs | *skeletal muscle |
| muscular system function | *movement *maintains posture *maintains heat production |
| nervous system organs | *brain *spinal cord *nerves *sense organs |
| nervous system function | *regulations via nerves |
| endocrine system organs | *glands *pancreal gland *thyroid gland *pituitary gland *adrenal gland *pancreas *ovary *testes |
| endocrine system function | * regulation of body activities via hormones |
| cardiovascular system organs | *blood *heart *blood vessels |
| cardiovascular system function | *transportation of oxygen & nutrients *protection against disease |
| Lymphatic system/immunity organs | *lymph *spleen *thymus *lymph nodes *tonsils |
| Lymphatic system/immunity function | *protection *transport *filters *WBC production |
| respiratory system organs | *pharynx *larynx *trachea *lungs |
| respiratory system function | *gas exchange |
| digestive system organs | *organs of GI tract *mouth, esophagus,stomach, small intestine,large intestine *acessory digestive organs: salivary glands,liver,gallbladder,& pancreas |
| digestive system function | *nutrient absorption *elimination of waste |
| urinary system organs | * kidneys *ureters *urinary bladder *urethra |
| urinary system function | *removes waste in form of urine *filters blood *regulates pH *regulates cell production |
| female reproductive system organs | *ovaries *fallopian tubes *uterus *vagina *mammary glands |
| female reproductive system function | *production & transporation of reproductive cells *hormone production *mammary glands secrete milk |
| male reproductive system organs | *testes *epididymis *seminal vesicles *urethra |
| male reproductive system function | *production & transportation of reproductive cells *hormone production |
Created by:
sgambito1
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