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LOM 16
Skin
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| adiposcyte | fat cell |
| albino | person with skin deficient in pigment (melanin) |
| apocrine sweat gland | one of the large dermal exocrine glands located in the axilla and genital regions. It secretes sweat , that in action with bacteria, is responsible for the human body odor.. |
| basal layer | deepest region of the epidermis;it gives rise to all the epidermal cells. |
| collagen | structural protein found in the skin and connective tissue. |
| cuticle | band of epidermis at the base and sides of the ail plate. |
| dermis | middle layer of the skin |
| eccrine sweat glands | most numerous sweat-producing exocrine gland in the skin |
| epidermis | outermost layer of the skin |
| epithelium | layer of skin forming the outer and inner surfaces of the body |
| hair follicle | sac within which each hair grows |
| integumentary system | the skin and its accessory structures such as hair and nails. |
| keratin | hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair and nails. keratin means horn and commonly is found in the horns of animals. |
| lunula | the half-moon-shaped, whitish area at the base of the nail |
| melanin | major skin pigment. it is formed by melanocytes in the epidermis. |
| paronychium | soft tissue surrounding the nial border |
| poer | tin opening on the surface of the skin |
| sebaceous gland | oil-secreting gland in the dermis that is associated with hair follicles. |
| sebum | oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands |
| squamous epithelium | flat,scale-like cells composing the epidermis |
| stratified | arranged in layers |
| stratum (plural;strata) | a layer (of cells) |
| stratum corneum | outermost layer of the epidermis, which consists of flattened, keratinized cells. |
| subcutaneous layer | innermost layer of the skin, containing fat tissue |
| crust | collection of dried serum and cellular debris |
| cyst | thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material |
| pilonidal cyst | found over the sacral area of the back in the midline and contains hairs |
| sebaceous cyst | collection of yellowish, cheesy sebum commonly found on the scalp, vulva and scrotum |
| erosion | wearing away or loss of epidermis |
| fissure | groove of crack-like sore |
| macule | flat lesion measuring less than 1 cm in diameter |
| nodule | solid, round or oval elevated lesion 1 cm or more in diamete |
| papule | small(less than 1 cm in diameter), solid elevation of skin (pimple) |
| polyp | growth extending from the surgace of mucous membrane. |
| pustule | papule containing pus |
| ulcer | open sore on the skin or mucous membranes (deeper than an erosion) ; bedsores |
| vesicle | small collection (papule) of clear fluid (serum) ;blister |
| wheal | smooth,edematous (swollen) papule or plaque that is redder or paler than the surrounding skin (mosquito bite) |
| alopecia | absence of hair from areas where it normally grows |
| alopecia areata | autoimmune disease in which hair falls out in patches without scarring or inflammation |
| ecchymosis, echymoses | bluish-purplish mark (bruise) on skin |
| petechia, petechiae | small, pinpoint hemorrhage |
| pruritus | itching |
| urticaria (hives) | acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin |
| acne | chronic papular and pustular eruption of the skin with increased production of sebum |
| acne vulgaris | caused by the buildup of sebum and keratin in the pores of the skin |
| blackhead (open comedo) | sebum plug partially blocking the pore |
| whitehead (closed comedo) | when a pore becomes completely blocked |
| burns | injury to tissues caused by heat contact |
| first-degree burns | superficial epidermal lesions, erythema, hyperesthesia, and no blisters (sunburn) |
| second-degree burns (partial thickness burn injury) | epidermal and dermal lesions, erythema, blisters, and hyperesthesia |
| third-degree burns (full-thickness burn injury) | epidermis and dermis are destroyed (necrosis of skin) and subcutaneous layer is damaged, leaving charred, white tissue |
| cellulitis | disffuse, acute infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain and swelling |
| eczema | inflammatory skin disease with erythematous, papulovesicular lesions |
| exanthematous viral diseases | rash (exanthem) of the skin due to a viral infection |
| gangrene | death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply |
| impetigo | bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted-over lesions |
| psoriasis | chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales |
| scabies | contagious, parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus |
| scleroderma | chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organs with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue |
| systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) | chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of collagen in skin,joints, and internal organs |
| discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) | photosensative, scaling, plaque-like superficial eruption of the skin confined to the face, scalp, ears, chest, arms, and back, which heals with scarring |
| tinea | infection of the skin caused by a fungus |
| tinea corporis | ringworm |
| tinea pedis | athletes foot |
| tinea capitis | on scalp |
| tinea barbae | skin under beard |
| vitiligo | loss of pigment (depigmentation) in areas of the skin (milk-white patches) |
| callus | increased growth of cells in the keratin layer of the epidermis caused by pressure or friction |
| keloid | hypertrophied, thickened scar developing after trauma or surgical incision. |
| keratosis | thickened and rough lesion of the epidermis: associated with aging or skin damage |
| actinic keratosis | caused by long-term UV light exposure and is a precancerous lesion |
| seborrheic keratosis | overgrowth of the upper epidermis and is dark in color |
| leukoplakia | white, thickened patches on mucous membrane tissue of the tongue or cheek |
| nevus, nevi | pigmented lesion of the skin (moles) |
| dysplastic nevi | moles that have atypical cells and may progress to form a type of skin cancer |
| verruca | epidermal growth (wart) caused by a virus |
| verruca vulgaris | common wart |
| plantar warts | verrucae; occur on the soles of feet, juvenile warts occur on the hands and face of children and veneral warts occur on genitals |
| basal cell carcinoma | malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis |
| squamous cell carcinoma | malignant tumor of the squamous epilithial cells in the epidermis |
| actinic keratoses | pre-malignant , sun-related, lesions in people with sun-damaged skin |
| malignant melanoma | cancerous growth composed of melanocytes |
| kaposi sarcoma | malignant, vascular, neoplastic growth characterized by cutaneous nodules |
| bacterial analyses | samples of skin are examined for presence of microorganisms |
| exudate | fluid that accumulates |
| fungal tests | scrapings from skin lesions, hair specimens, or nail clippings are sent to a laboratory for culture and microscopic examination. |
| cryosurgery | use of subfreezing temperature via liquid nitrogen application to destroy tissue |
| crettage | use of a sharp dermal curette to screap away a skin lesion |
| electrodesiccation | tissue is destroyed by burning with an electric spark |
| Mohs micrographic surgery | Thin layers of malignant skin lesions are removed and exained microscopically by a pathologist |
| punch biopsy | a surgical instrument removes a core of tissue by rotation of its sharp, circular edge. |
| shave biopsy | tissue is excised using a cut parallel to the surface of the surrounding skin |
| skin test | substances are injected intradermally or applied to the skin, and results are observed |
Created by:
zombiewho
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