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MT Ch3
Skeletal System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ankyl/o | crooked, stiff, bent |
| Arthr/o | joint |
| Burs/o | bursa (sac of fluid near the joint) |
| Chondr/o | cartilage |
| Cost/o | rib |
| Crani/o | skull |
| Hem/o | blood |
| Kyph/o | hump |
| Lamin/o | lamina (part of bone that surrounds the spinal canal; where the spinal cord passes) |
| Lord/o | swayback curve/bent backward |
| Myel/o | bone marrow or spinal cord |
| Oste/o | bone |
| Pod/o | foot |
| Por/o | pore (small opening) |
| Scoli/o | curved |
| Spondyl/o | vertebrae (backbone) |
| Synovi/o; Synov/o | synovial membrane (membrane that lubricates the joints) |
| -listhesis | slipping |
| -lysis | loosening / setting free (therapeutic) or breaking down/destruction (diseased condition) |
| -penia | deficiency |
| -poietic | forming |
| Prosthesis | substitute for a disease/missing body part |
| Orthotic | mechanical appliance designed to control/correct/compensate for impaired limb function |
| Bone Marrow Transplant | used to treat certain types of cancers (leukemia |
| Allogenic BMT | uses healthy bone marrow from a compatible donor |
| Autologous BMT | the patient receives his own marrow cells that have been previously harvested |
| Hallux valgus | abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe (bunion) |
| Luxation | total dislocation of a bone from its joint |
| Subluxation | partial displacement of a bone from its joint |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | joint inflammation caused by the body’s immune system attacking its own joint tissues |
| Ankylosing Spondylitis | stiffening of the vertebrae with inflammation (another form of Rheumatoid Arthritis) |
| Osteoarthritis | bone/joint inflammation caused by “wear-and-tear” of cartilage at the joints |
| Spondylosis | “wear-and-tear” of the cartilage of the vertebrae |
| Lumbago | pain in the lumbar region of the spine (may be caused by anything) |
| Spondylolisthesis | vertebra slipping forward on the spinal column |
| Spina Bifida | congenital defect where the spinal canal fails to close around the spinal cord |
| Kyphosis | abnormal increase of the outward curvature of the spine (humpback) |
| Lordosis | abnormal increase of the forward curvature (swayback) |
| Scoliosis | abnormal lateral curvature of the spine (sideways) |
| Compression fracture | collapse of a vertebra due to trauma or weakened state (osteoporosis) |
| Comminuted fracture | bone is splintered/crushed into pieces |
| Greenstick fracture | bone is bent/partially broken (usually in children) |
| Open fracture | bone is broken out to the surface of the skin |
| Spiral fracture | bone is broken by a twisting motion (usually in sports injuries) |
| Stress fracture | small crack in the bone from overuse or chronic/excessive impact |
| Arthrodesis | surgical fixation (fusion) of a joint (to stiffen the joint due to severe deformities) |
| Percutaneous Vetebroplasty | surgical repair of the vertebrae where bone cement is injected to stabilize compression fractures |
| Arthrolysis | surgical loosening of a (stiffened) joint |
| Arthroplasty | surgical repair of a joint (may also be an artificial joint replacement) |
| Bursectomy | surgical removal of bursa |
| Chondroplasty | surgical repair of (damaged) cartilage |
| Synovectomy | surgical removal of synovial membrane from a joint |
| Laminectomy | surgical removal of lamina |
| Craniotomy | surgical incision into the skull to gain access to the brain |
| Craniectomy | surgical removal of a portion of the skull to relieve pressure from swelling of the brain |
| Cranioplasty | surgical repair of the skull |
| Osteoclasis | surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity |
| Ostectomy | surgical removal of bone |
| Osteoplasty | surgical repair of bone/bones |
| Osteorrhaphy | surgical suturing (wiring together) of bones |
| Osteotomy | surgical incision or sectioning of bone |
| External fixation | fracture treatment where pins are placed in bone/soft tissues so an external appliance can hold the bone in place during healing |
| Internal fixation | fracture treatment where pins or a plate directly hold the bone/broken pieces in place (this is not usually removed after healing) |
| Bursitis | inflammation of a bursa |
| Chondromalacia | abnormal softening of cartilage |
| Chondroma | benign tumor in cartilage |
| Costochondritis | inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum |
| Hemarthrosis | abnormal condition of blood within a joint |
| Synovitis | inflammation of the synovial membrane |
| Craniostenosis | abnormal narrowing of the skull (a malformation of the premature closure of the skull) |
| Ostealgia | bone pain |
| Osteitis | inflammation of bone |
| Osteomalacia | abnormal softening of bones in adults (caused by Vitamin D deficiency) |
| Osteomyelitis | inflammation of the bone and bone marrow |
| Osteonecrosis | death of bone tissue (due to insufficient blood supply) |
| Myeloma | cancer found in bone marrow |
| Osteochondroma | benign bony projection covered with cartilage |
| Osteoporosis | abnormal condition of porous bone (loss of bone density) |
| Osteopenia | bone deficiency (thinner than average bone that is a risk factor for osteoporosis) |
| Chiropractor | specializes in spinal manipulation to treat various disorders |
| Orthopedic surgeon | specializes in diseases/disorders involving the bones |
| Osteopath | uses traditional forms of medical treatment in addition to spinal manipulation |
| Podiatrist | specializes in disorders of the foot |
| Hemopoietic | pertaining to the formation of blood (from bone marrow) |
| Arthrosclerosis | abnormal hardening of a joint |
| Ankylosis | stiff; abnormal condition (loss of joint mobility) |
| Hemopoietic | pertaining to the formation of blood (from bone marrow) |
| Myeloma | tumor found in bone marrow |
| Osteochondroma | benign tumor of bone and cartilage (cartilage-capped bony growth) |
| BMT | Bone Marrow Transplant |
| BDT | Bone Density Testing |
| CR | Closed Reduction |
| Fx | Fracture |
| OA | Osteoarthritis |
| OP | Osteoporosis |
| TMJ | Temporomandibular Joint |
| THA | Total Hip Ahtroplasty |
| TJA | Total Joint Arhtroplasty |
| TKA | Total Knee Arthroplasty |
Created by:
vorachekt
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