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Constitution Test
Notes 14 - 21
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was the the Articles of Confederation? | first plan of gov't for the U.S |
| When was the Articles of Confederation (adopted & ratified)? | adopted: Nov.15, 1777 ratified: March 1, 1781 |
| Who wrote the Articles of Confederation? | the continental congress |
| Why was the Articles of Confederation written? | to give the colonies a unified gov't after independence |
| What was the Historical significance of the Articles of Confederation? | 1. failure to unify the colonies 2. failure to establish a strong enough central gov't***** 3. failure to be sustained over time |
| What were 3 things Congress COULD do under the Articles? | -make laws -establish an army/navy -declare war |
| What were 3 things Congress COULD NOT do under the Articles? | - collect taxes - force states to pay war debts - couldn't enforce its power on the states |
| What was the major problem with the Articles? | 3 F's **failure to establish a strong enough central gov't** <best reason |
| Whats the difference between the executive, judicial, and legislative branch? | executive; president judicial; court system legislative; congress |
| Who was at the constitutional convention? | George Washington ran the convention but there were 55 delegates there too |
| What was the constitutional convention? | delegates from each state (except Rhode Island) met to revise the articles, they realized there were too many flaws so they wrote the constitution instead. |
| Why did they have the constitutional convention? | TO REVISE THE ARTICLES |
| What was the historical significance of the convention? | THE CONSTITUTION |
| Who was the father of our constitution? | James Madison |
| What was the constitution? | it made the 3 branches of gov't (legislative, judicial, executive) it also created the role of president in the U.S |
| What was the Great Compromise? | a compromise that congress would be BICAMERAL which means that 1 house would be population and 1 house would be representative |
| Why was there a problem with adopting the Constitution at first? | because it didn't identify individual rights and they didn't know if they should adopt it with the or without the Bill or Rights |
| When was the constitutional convention? | May, 1787 - Sept 17, 1787 (constitution was SIGNED) it wasn't ratified until June 1788 |
| Where was the convention? | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |
| When was the Bill or Rights adopted? | 1791 |
| Article 1 ( I ) | Legislative Branch - makes laws, bicameral (house & senate= congress), and the powers were numbered |
| Article 2 ( II ) | Executive Branch - presidential powers (commander-in-chief, gives SOTU, makes treaties, etc.), enforce (executes) laws |
| Article 3 ( III ) | Judicial Branch - supreme court, defines jurisdiction (authority to hear cases), gives congress power to create lower courts, INTERPRETS laws |
| Article 4 ( IV ) | Federalism - power shared between state and national government, full faith and credits clause (acts in 1 state must be honored by all states) |
| Article 5 ( V ) | Amendment Process - defines process for changing constitution, congress must propose an amendment then states ratify it |
| Article 6 ( VI ) | Supremacy Clause - national laws is supreme OVER state law |
| Article 7 ( VII ) | Ratification Process - 2/3 or 9/13 states must ratify constitution before its adopted |
| Preamble | an introductory statement, an introduction |
| goal of preamble: form a more perfect union | definition - better than it was under the articles example - one common currency |
| establish justice | definition - a fair legal system example - judicial branch |
| insure domestic tranquility | definition - peace between ppl living among U.S example - laws, rights |
| provide for the common defense | definition - protect U.S from all enemies - foreign or domestic example - military, army, navy |
| promote the general welfare | definition - to support happiness and well being of ppl in U.S example - loans, laws, housing ppl |
| secure the blessings of liberty | guarantee U.S will always be free & freedoms will be protected example - Bill of Rights |
| What was the Bill of Rights? | first 10 amendments |
| Which article defines the process by which changes can be made to the constitution? | 5 ( V ) |
| How can amendments be proposed? | either 2/3 of congress OR convention by 2/3 of states (never been used) |
| If the proposal passes...? | 3/4 of states must vote to ratify it OR 3/4 states' conventions (never been used) |
| When were the first 10 amendments added? | 1791 (four years after) constitution was ratified |
| Is it hard to amend the constitution? | yes, very hard |
| How many amendments have been added since the constitution was ratified? | 27 |
| 1st amendment? | freedom of expression a.k.a RAPPS (religion, assembly, petition, press, speech) |
| 2nd amendment? | gun rights |
| 3rd amendment? | no quartering soldiers |
| 4th amendment? | property protection |
| 5th amendment? | due process |
| 6th amendment? | the rights of people on trial |
| 7th amendment? | civil cases (deals w/ money) |
| 8th amendment? | punishment of crimes |
| 9th amendment? | people have other rights |
| 10th amendment? | states have the power to make laws |
| freedom of religion? | the gov't can't force you to practice a certain religion or stop you from practicing a religion of your choice *exception* (if you form a harmful religion) |
| freedom of assembly? | citizens can gather for religious, social, or political purposes without gov't interference *exception* (buffer zones) |
| freedom of petition? | you have the right to let the gov't know how you feel |
| freedom of press? | gov't can't control newspapers, TV, magazines, or the internet *exceptions* (slander - telling a lie, libel - printing a lie, age restrictions) |
| freedom of speech? | gov't can't stop you from expressing yourself *exceptions* (speech used for threats or violence, obscenity) |
| Consent of the governed | -ppl are the source of all gov't power, permission to govern - popular sovereignty (EX: we the ppl) |
| Majority Rules | - if most ppl want it to happen, it will BUT constitution protects the rights of minority too (EX: more than 1/2 of congress m |
| Rule of Law | our laws apply to EVERYONE even gov't officials (EX: the governor of Texas was arrested for breaking the law) |
| Individual Rights are Protected | everyone has rights that can't be taken away (EX: right to bear arms , right to RAPPS) |
| Rep. Government | we elect ppl to rep us in our gov't congress, president, governor (EX: we elect senators to represent us) |
| Freedom of Choice | free to make our own decisions BUT you can't decide to infringe upon the rights of others (EX: we have the right to vote for who we want) |
| Limited Government | our gov't has limits - not all power (EX: separation of powers, checks & balances, federalism) |
| Separation of Powers | the constitution divides gov't into 3 branches |
| Checks and Balances | each branch has the ability that other branches aren't too powerful |
| Federalism | power is shared between national and state gov't |
| Legislative Branch | Article 1, Congress (house of reps & senate), makes laws |
| Executive Branch | Article 2, President, enforces (executes) laws |
| Judicial Branch | Article 3, court system, interprets laws |
Created by:
julesgaggles
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