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Stack #180915
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| oral contraceptive | highly effective combination of estrogens and progestins |
| estrogen in oral contraceptives | ethinyl estradiol |
| progestins used in oral contraceptives | levonorgestrel, desogestrel, norethindrone, norgestimate, drospirenone, norgestrel, ethynodiol, norelgestromin, and etonogestrel |
| MOA of oral contraceptives | inhibit ovulation by suppressing the gonadotropins follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) & luteinizing hormone (LH);they also alter cervical mucus to decrease sperm penetration & induce changes in the endometrium which decreases chance of egg implantation |
| when taken according to prescribed regimen, only __________ is a more effective form of contraception | sterilization |
| patients using O.C. for the first time should use an additional method of birth control for ___________; some clinicians recommend an additional method of birth control be used ___________ of O.C. use | the first seven days; duing the first cycle |
| adverse effects reported with oral contraceptives | melasma, alveolar osteitis, hirsutistm, weight gain, and nausea ( nausea occurs in approximately 10-30% of pts during first cycle; most cases resovle in 3 months) |
| Smoking is not recommended in pts taking O.C. because of an increased risk of ______. The risk is greatest in patients over __ years of age who smoke more than __ cigs per day. | cardiovascular side effects; 35 years of age; 15 cigs per day |
| failure rate for no method use | 85% |
| failure rate for spermicides alone | 26% |
| failure rate for condom alone (male) | 14% |
| failure rate for oral contraceptives | 1-3% |
| failure rate for diaphragm with spermicides | 20% |
| failure rate for condom alone (female) | 21% |
| periodic abstinence | 25% |
| Alesse | levonorgestrel, ethinyl estradiol |
| Indication, dosage form, and dosing interval of ALL oral contraceptives | prevention of pregnancy; tablet; once daily |
| Trivora | levonorgestrel, ethinyl estradiol |
| Levora | levonorgestrel, ethinyl estradiol |
| Triphasil | levonorgestrel, ethinyl estradiol |
| Aviane | levonorgestrel, ethinyl estradiol |
| Kariva | desogestrel, ethinyl estradiol |
| Ortho-Cept | desogestrel, ethinyl estradiol |
| Apri | desogestrel, ethinyl estradiol |
| Mircette | desogestrel, ethinyl estradiol |
| Ovcon-35 | norethindrone, ethinyl estradiol |
| Necon 1/35 | norethindrone, ethinyl estradiol |
| Estrostep | norethindrone, ethinyl estradiol |
| Indications of Estrostep | 1. prevention of pregnancy 2. treatment of acne in females 15 years of age or older |
| Ortho Tri-Cyclen | norgestimate, ethinyl estradiol |
| Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo | norgestimate, ethinyl estradiol |
| Ortho-Cyclen | norgestimate, ethinyl estradiol |
| TriNessa | norgestimate, ethinyl estradiol |
| Sprintec | norgestimate, ethinyl estradiol |
| Tri-Sprintec | norgestimate, ethinyl estradiol |
| Indications of Ortho Tri-Cyclen | 1. prevention of pregnancy 2. treatment of acne in females 15 years of age or older |
| Yasmin | drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol |
| Yaz | drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol |
| Indications of Yaz | 1. prevention of pregnancy2. premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)3. treatment of acne in females 15 years of age or older |
| Medications indicated for PMDD | 1. fluoxetine (Sarafem)2. sertraline (Zoloft)3. paroxetine (Paxil)4. drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol (Yaz) |
| Drospirenone is derived from _________ (comparable to a ______ dose). Drospirenone has the potential to raise ____________. | spironolactone; 25 mg; serum potassium |
| Yasmin and Yaz should be cautiously prescribed to patients taking what 4 classes of drugs? | 1. ACE Inhibitors2. Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists3. potassium-sparing diuretics4. potassium supplements |
| Low-Ogestrel | norgestrel, ethinyl estradiol |
| Ortho Evra | norelgestromin, ethinyl estradiol |
| Dosage form and dosing interval of Ortho Evra | transdermal system; once weekly |
| If an Ortho Evra system is partially or completely detached for less then 24 hours, the pt should.... | immediately try to reapply the system or replace it with a new system |
| If an Ortho Evra system is partially or completely detached for over 24 hours, the patient should... | stop the current cycle and immediately start a new cycle by applying a new system; there is now a new "day one" and a new "patch change day"; back-up contraception must be used for the first week of the new cycle |
| NuvaRing | etonogestrel, ethinyl estradiol |
| Dosage form and dosing interval of NuvaRing | vaginal ring; monthly (NuvaRing should be worn continuously for 3 weeks then removed for 1 week-- the menstrual period should begin 2 to 3 days after the ring is removed) |
| Storage of NuvaRing | Pharmacists should store NuvaRing under refrigeration. Patients may store NuvaRing at room temperature. |
| Depo-Provera | medroxyprogesterone |
| Dosage form and dosing interval of Depo-Provera | suspension for injection; every 3 months |
| Pt counseling for Depo-Provera | Prior to administration, the vial must be vigorously shaken to ensure the dose represents a uniform suspension. |
| Why are estrogens used in postmenopausal women? | Estrogens are used for hormone replacement therapy (HRT)-- estrogens relieve vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes) and slow the development of osteoporosis by reducing bone resorption. |
| Long term HRT may increase the risk of.... | 1. breast cancer2. stroke3. pulmonary embolism4. coronary heart disease |
| Evista | raloxifene |
Created by:
akoshields
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