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BMS 250 Chapter 1
Question | Answer |
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Provide a definition for the terms 'anatomy' and 'physiology' | anatomy - the scientific study of the structure of an object physiology - the scientific study of the function of an object |
Describe the anatomical position: | body is standing erect, feet on the ground, hands at the side with the palms facing forward |
abdominal | abdomen |
antebrachial | forearm |
antecubital | anterior to the elbow |
auricular | ear |
axillary | armpit |
brachial | upper arm |
buccal | cheek |
calcaneal | heel |
carpal | wrist |
cephalic | head |
cervical | neck |
coxal | hip |
cranial | skull |
crural | shin |
deltoid | shoulder |
digital | fingers or toes |
dorsal | back |
facial | face |
femoral | thigh |
fibular | lateral aspect of the leg |
frontal | forehead |
gluteal | buttock |
hallux | big toe |
inguinal | groin |
lumbar | lower back |
mammary | breast |
manus | hand |
mental | chin |
nasal | nose |
occipital | posterior portion of the head |
olecranal | elbow |
oral | mouth |
orbital | eye |
palmar | palm |
patellar | kneecap |
pectoral | chest |
pelvic | pelvis |
perineal | region between the genitals and anus |
pes | foot |
plantar | sole of the foot |
pollex | thumb |
popliteal | posterior to the knee |
pubic | pelvis |
radial | lateral aspect of the forearm |
sacral | tailbone |
scapular | shoulder blade |
sternal | sternum |
sural | calf |
tarsal | ankle |
thoracic | chest |
tibial | medial aspect of leg |
ulnar | medial aspect of forearm |
umbilical | navel |
vertebral | spinal column |
anterior | towards the front |
posterior | towards the back |
dorsal | towards the back |
ventral | towards the front |
superior | towards the head |
inferior | towards the feet |
cranial | towards the head |
caudal | towards the tail |
rostral | towards the nose |
medial | towards the middle |
lateral | towards the side |
deep | towards the inside |
superficial | towards the outside |
proximal | closest to the point of attachment |
distal | farthest from the point of attachment |
transverse plane | divides the body into superior and inferior portions |
coronal (frontal) plane | divides the body into anterior and posterior portions |
sagittal plane | divides the body into left and right portions |
cranial cavity | contains the brain |
vertebral cavity | contains the vertebrae and spinal cord |
thoracic cavity | contains the heart, lungs, esophagus, and trachea |
abdominal cavity | contains the stomach, kidneys, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen |
pelvic cavity | contains the bladder, rectum, and the internal reproductive organs |
pleural cavity | contains the lungs |
pericardial cavity | contains the heart |
abdominopelvic cavity | contains the stomach, kidneys, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, bladder, rectum, and the internal reproductive organs |
right upper quadrant | contains the stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and kidneys |
left upper quadrant | contains the stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and kidneys |
right lower quadrant | contains the internal reproductive organs and intestines |
left lower quadrant | contains the internal reproductive organs and intestines |
right hypochondriac region | contains the right kidney, liver, and gallbladder |
epigastric region | contains the esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, kidneys, and spleen |
left hypochondriac region | contains the left kidney, stomach, liver, and gallbladder |
right lumbar region | contains the right kidney, liver, and gallbladder |
umbilical region | contains the stomach, pancreas, small intestine, and kidneys |
left lumbar region | contains the left kidney and small intestine |
right iliac region | contains the small intestine and the right ovary |
hypogastric region | contains the small intestine, rectum, bladder, uterus, and prostate |
left iliac region | contains the small intestine and the left ovary |
Describe the components of a homeostatic system: | |
Define negative feedback: | |
Define positive feedback: |