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Indigo Module
Indigo Review
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Define skin and its important functions. | -the largest organ of the body -registers sensations -protects against the sun -regulates body temp -prevents dehydration - reservoir for food and water -synthesizes vitamin D |
Describe first-degree burns. | -superficial burns -only injures epidermis -erythema, hyperesthesia |
Describe immunotherapy. | -biotherapy -newer treatment that stimulates the body’s own immune defenses to fight tumour cells |
Describe in situ and invasive. | -in situ - confined to the original site -invasive - penetrate the surrounding area |
Describe sebaceous glands. | -secrete sebum -causes acne -present over entire body except soles and palms |
Describe second-degree burns. | -partial-thickness burns -damage epidermis and part of dermis -vesicles or bullae form |
Describe the subcutaneous layer. | -hypodermis - binds dermis to underlying structures -composed of connective and adipose tissue -stores fats, insulates and cushions body, regulates body temp |
Describe third-degree burns. | -full thickness burns -epidermis and dermis are destroyed -waxy and charred |
How is hair colour determined? | related to the amount of pigment produced in melanocytes |
What are the two most important sublayers of the epidermis and where are they located? | -stratum corneum - outermost -basal layer - Innermost |
What do melanocytes produce and what is their function? | melanin it protects skin from ultraviolet radiation from sun |
What happens to new skin cells as they move towards the stratum corneum? | they die |
What is a dermatologist? | physician who specializes in diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases |
What is a pathologist? | grades and stages tumours |
What is the most common type of skin cancer? | basal cell carcinoma |
trichomycosis | abnormal condition of hair fungus |
pallor | absence of colour in the skin |
urticaria | allergic reaction of the skin characterized by eruption of pale red, elevated patches |
neoplasm | any new and abnormal growth |
impetigo | bacterial skin infection |
alopecia | baldness |
hemagioma | benign tumour of dilated blood vessels |
malignant | cancerous |
eczema | chronic inflammatory skin condition |
integument | covering |
tinea | fungal skin infection; also called ringworm |
pediculosis | infestation with lice |
onychia | inflammation of the nail bed |
thelitis | inflammation of the nipple |
dermatitis | inflammation of the skin |
acne | inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands |
pruritus | intense itching |
vitiligo | loss of skin pigmentation |
petechia | minute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin |
gangrene | necrosis or death of tissue |
benign | non-cancerous |
cicatrix | normal scarring |
congenital | noted at birth |
subcutaneous | pertaining to under the skin |
abscess | pus at the sight of an infection |
keloid | raised firm, thickened scar |
erythema | redness of the skin |
crustation | scab |
abrasion | scrape |
dermatoplasty | skin grafting |
lentigo | small brown macules |
comedo | small skin lesion of acne |
pressure ulcer | sore that prevents blood flow to tissues |
mycology | study of fungus |
pachyderma | thick skin |
psoriasis | thick, dry, silvery scales cause by excessive development of the basal layer |
fulguration | tissue destruction by electric current; also called electrodesiccation |
albinism | total absence of pigment in skin, hair and eyes |
xenograft | transplantation from a foreign donor |
verruca | warts |
BCC | basal cell carcinoma |
Bx, bx | biopsy |
C & S | culture & sensitivity |
CA | cancer |
chemo | chemotherapy |
CIS | carcinoma in situ |
cm | centimeter |
decub. | decubitus |
Derm. | Dermatology |
FS | frozen section |
I & D | incision & drainage |
ID | intradermal |
IMP | impression |
IV | intravenous |
TNM | tumour-node-metastasis |
ung | ointment |
XP, XDP | xeroderma pigmentosum |