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Am Gov Final Bec

Am Gov Final

QuestionAnswer
Eminent Domain Power of government to take private property for public use
Tenure Manner of holding something such as land or an office
Pardon Release from the punishment or legal consequences of a crime
Who would grants a pardon for a federal crime? The President
Who would grants a pardon for a crime at the state level? The Governor of that state
Treason Betrayal of one's country: Examples-Levying war against the US or aiding the enemy
Marquee and reprisal A letter of permission to cross over the frontier into another country's territory in order to take a ship; allowed privately owned and operated vessels to carry out acts of war
Quorum The least number of members needed to be present for a legislative body to conduct business
Concur To agree
Enumeration To count off one by one
Franchise Right to vote
Pocket veto Congress adjourns its session within 10 days of submitting a bill to the Pres., and the Pres. does not act, the measure dies
Patent License issued to inventor giving exclusive rights to manufacture, use, sell the invention for a limited period of time
Presidential succession Congress fixes the order by which a Presidential vacancy is filled
Bill of attainder Legislative act that inflicts punishment without a court trial
Primaries A preliminary election to appoint delegates to a party conference or to select the candidates for a principal, especially presidential, election.
Reprieve Official postponement of the execution of a sentence
Revenue Sharing Form of federal monetary aid under which Congress gives a share of federal tax revenue with virutally no restrictions to the states, cities, counties and townships
Senoirity Unwritten rule in both houses of Congress reserving the top posts in each chamber for members with the longest records of service
Definition of a State Must have a body of people living in a defined territory who have a government with power to make and enforce laws without the consent of a higher authority
Unicameral A legislative body made up of one house
Veto The President's power to reject a bill passed by the legislature
Misdemeanor Lesser offense punishable by a fine or a short jail term
Amnesty Blanket pardon offered to a group of law violators
Appointment Distribution of seats in a legislative body
Bicameral Two houses
Brief Written document explaining upcoming court cases
Bureaucracy A large, complex administrative structure that handles the everyday business of an organization
Caucuses A group of like minded people who meet to select a candidates they will support in an upcoming election
Censure Issue a formal condemnation of behavior
Certiorari Document filed with the Supreme Court asking them to review judgement of an inferior trial court
Clemency Mercy of leniency granted to an offender by a chief executive
Cloture Procedure that can be used to limit or end floor debate in the Senate
Constituent A person an elected official represents
Copyright Exclusive legal right of a person to reproduce, publish, or sell his or her own literary, musical or artistic creation
Defendant One who is charged with a crime
Ex Post Facto A law appling to an act committed before the law was passed
Extradition When a fugitive from one State is returned to the State in which a crime was committed
Federalism Government with a written constitution, dividing powers between the central, or natinal government and several regional governments
Filibuster Long speeches and various tactics aimed at defeating a bill by preventing a final vote
Fiscal year Twelve month period used by govern, and the business word to its record keeping, budgeting, revenue collecting and other financial mamagement purpose
Monarchy Government lead by hereditary ruler
Parliamentary A government that has and executive branch made up of a prime minister and a cabinet
Dictatorship Type of government where one person has absolute power and authority
Confederate Several groups joined for a common purpose
Prime Minister Leader of a Parliamentary form of government
Pro Tem (Senate) Head of Senate -the Vice Pres
Attorney General Head of Department of Justice
Divine Right The right to rule given by God
Elector A person chosen to represent a district of people in a Pres. election
Electoral College Group of people chosen in each State and the District of Columbia every 4 years to make a formal selection of a Pres & Vice Pres.
Select Committee Special committee created for a limited time for a specific purpose
Standing Committee Permanent committee in a legislative body to which bills of a specified subject matter are referred
Committee of the Whole The entire legislative body turns itself into a committee to do business
Appellate Court that reviews decisions of an inferior court
Majority opinion The Opinion of the Court, Announces the Court's decision in a case and sets out the reasoning upon which it is based
Dissenting opinion Written explanation of the views of one or more judges who disagree with a decision reached by a majority of the court
Concurring opinion Written explanation of the views of one or more judges who support a decision reached by a majority of the court, but wish to add or emphasize a point that was not made in the majority decision
Virginia Co. Received a written charter from King James I of Britain to establish a settlement at Jamestown which lead to the first government in North America
Virginia Plan Stated that our new country should have 3 branches of government, a bicameral legislature, membership of the legislature should be determined by population
Necessary and Proper Clause A Constitutional clause that gives Congress the power to make all laws needed to execute its power
New Jersey Plan Stated that our new country should have a unicameral government and all states should have equal representation
3/5 Compromise An agreement at the Constitutional Convention to count a slave as three-fifths of a person when determining the population of a State
Albany Plan Proposed by Ben Franklin in 1754 that aimed to unite the 13 colonies for trade, military and other purposes, the plan was turned down by the colonies and the Crown
Amentment Process First way to amend the Constitution : 2/3 of Congress proposes, 3/4 of States ratify, Second Way: 2/3 of Congress proposes, 3/4 of States ratify at a State Convention
Articles of Confederation A firm league of friendship, it gave the central government few powers, it was our first constitution and it worked poorly
Boston Tea Party A protest against British laws where people boycotted British and threw tea into Boston Harbor
Presidential Cabinet The presidents closest advisors
Concurrent Powers Powers that both the State and Federal Government posses and exercise
Connecticut Compromise A compromise of representation from each state-The Senate would be composed of the same number of representative from each state, The House of Representative membership would be determined by the population of each State
Constitutional convention The name of the convention where our Constitution was written
Election of 1800 First election with political parties
Federalists People who supported the ratificationof the Constitution in 1787-1788
Evolutionary Theory Government will evolve over time and get better
Expressed powers Powers of the National govern written in the Constitution, also called "Enumerated powers"
Supremacy Clause The Constitution is the highest law of the land
Wood vs Brown
Marbury vs Madison The decision of this case established "Judicial Review"
Created by: sudokken
Popular American Government sets

 

 



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