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Unit 4B

Nervous, Endocrine and Immune System

TermDefinition
Brain Part of the Central Nervous System (CNS), protected by the skull. Controls the majority of body systems and processing of information.
Spinal Cord Part of the Central Nervous System (CNS) that connects the brain to the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). This thick column of nerve tissue is protected inside the vertebrae.
Neuron The name for a nerve cell that carries messages throughout the nervous system. 4 sections are Dendrites, Cell Body, Axon and Axon Tips
Nerve A bundle of nerve fibers made of the axons of multiple neurons.
Stimulus Any signal or change in an organism's environment (internal or external) that might produce a response/reaction. Ex: loud noise or invading bacteria
Response The reaction of an organism as a result of a stimulus. Ex: jumping away or a fever
Endocrine System The system that consists of glands that release hormones in the blood stream to control body functions.
Pituitary Gland The main control center of the endocrine system that affects other glands. It also controls growth and sexual development.
Adrenal Glands Produce hormones that control stress response (adrenaline and noradrenaline), the fight or flight response.
Pancreas Produces insulin to regulate blood sugar. As the level of sugar in your blood increases this organ produces more insulin.
Hormone A chemical messenger in the body used to regulate body systems and maintain homeostasis.
Central Nervous System Made of the brain and spinal cord and the area that signals the response to a stimulus.
Peripheral Nervous System All of the neurons and nerve bundles outside of the central nervous system. Made of sensory and motor neurons.
Reflex An automatic response to a stimulus that is potentially damaging to the body. This stimulus travels to the spinal cord and directly back through motor neurons to avoid damage.
Antibody A specialized protein that targets an infected cell to be destroyed.
Vaccine A substance made from killed or weakened pathogens that makes the body to develop immunity.
Immunity The ability to resist a disease or recover more quickly.
Pathogen A bacteria, virus or other substance that causes an immune response.
Created by: johnsona
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