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Respiratory System L
respiratory system
Question | Answer |
---|---|
respiratory system | consists of the lungs and air passages; responsible for taking in oxygen and removing carbon dioxide |
nose | has two openings called nostrils through which air enters |
nasal septum | divides the nose into two hollow spaces |
nasal cavities | lined with a mucous membrane |
cilia | tiny, hairlike structures that filter inhaled air to trap dust and other particles |
sinuses | cavities in the skull that surround the nasal area |
pharynx | throat; lies directly behind the nasal cavities |
larynx | voice box; lies between the pharynx and trachea |
epiglottis | a special leaflike piece of cartilage, closes the opening into the larynx during swallowing |
trachea | windpipe; tube extending from the larynx to the center of the chest |
bronchi | where the trachea divides into two bronchi; a right bronchus and a left bronchus |
bronchioles | the smallest branches of the bronchi unit |
alveoli | contain a rich network of blood capillaries |
lungs | an organ located in the thoracic cavity where the divisions of the bronchi and alveoli are found |
pleura | what each lung is enclosed in; a membrane |
ventilation | the process of breathing |
inspiration | the process of breathing in air |
expiration | when air is forced out of the lungs and you breath out |
respiration | the process of inspiration and expiration |
external respiration | the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and bloodstream |
internal respiration | the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the tissue cells and the bloodstream |
cellular respiration | when the cells use the oxygen and nutrients to produce energy, water, and carbon dioxide |
asthma | cause: a sensitivity to an allergen; stress; infection symptoms: dyspnea, wheezing, coughing treatment: bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory medications |
bronchitis | causes: infection symptom: chest pain, fever, dyspnea treatment: antibiotics, expectorants, rest |
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | cause: smoking, infections symptoms: any chronic lung disease treatment: bronchodilators, mucolytics, cough medicine |
emphysema | cause: heavy smoking symptom: dyspnea, pain, barrel chest, chronic cough treatment: breathing exercises |
epistaxis | cause: |