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Liles MS I Skeletal
Liles Skeletal System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| joint | the points of contact between two bones.Three main types -diarthroses(movable), amphiarthroses(partially movable), and synathroses(immovable). |
| abduction | movement away from midline or axis of body; opposite of adduction. |
| adduction | movement of part of body or limb toward the midline of body; opposite of abduction. |
| appendicular skeleton | part of skeleton consisting of shoulder and pelvic girdles,arms and legs. |
| axial skeleton | skeleton of head and trunk. |
| ball and socket joint | diarthroses joint allows the greatest freedom of movement. |
| medullary canal | Located in the center of diaphysis, filled with yellow bone marrow, mostly made of fat cells. |
| ossification | the process when mineral matters starts to replace previously formed cartilage, creating bones. |
| bursa sacs | small sac that cushion joints |
| circumduction | circular movement at a joint. |
| osteocyte | a mature bone cell. |
| periosteum | a tough fibrous tissue which contatins blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves that covers the outside of the bone. |
| diaphysis | shaft of long bone. |
| endosteum | lining of the medullary cavity in the long bone. |
| epiphysis | the end of the long bone. |
| extension | act of increasing the angle between two bones. |
| flexion | the act of bending a limb or decreasing the angle between two bones. |
| pronation | the forearm turns the hand so the palm is downward or backward. |
| rotation | movement allows a bone to move around one central axis. |
| spongy bone | porous bone, found in epiphysis |
| supination | The palm is forward or upward (lying on back) |
| fontanel | unossified areas in the infant skull; soft spot. |
| arthritis | inflammation of the joint. |
| suture | immovable joint in cranial cavity. |
| bursitis | inflammation of a bursa. |
| dislocation | displacement of one or more bones of a joint or organ from original position. |
| gliding joint | nearly flat surfaces glide across each other, as inthe vertebrae of the spine. these joints enable the torso to bend forward, backward, and sideways, as well as rotate |
| hinge joints | move in one direction or plane, as in the knees,elbows, and outer joints of the fingers. |
| pivot joints | joints with an extension rotation in a second, arch-shaped bone. Ex. radius and ulna |
| synovial fluid | secreted by synovial membrane, lubricating substance. |
| gout | increase in uric acid crystals in bloodstream which are deposited in joint cavities, especially the grat toe. |
| kyphosis | hunchback, exagerated curvature in thoracic vertebrae. |
| lordosis | swayback,forward curvature of lumbar region of spine. |
| osteoporosis | loss of calcium in bone, causing brittienes, occurs mainly in females after menopause |
| osteomyelitis | inflammmation of the bone |
| osteosarcoma | bone cancer. |
| whiplash | trauma to cervical vertebra. |
| sprain | wrenching of a joint, producing a stretching or tearing of ligaments. |
| spiral fracture | broken bone by twisting, common sport injury. |
| simple fracture | closed fracture. when the bone is broken, but the broken ends do not pierce through the skin forming an external wound. |
| compound fracture(open) | bone fragments pierce skin |
| greenstick fracture | found in children |
| compound fracture(open) | bone fragments pierce skin |
| comminuted fracture | bones broken into many pieces |
| scoliosis | side to side or lateral curvature of the sping |
| rheumatoid arthritis | autoimmune disease of joints 3x more common in women |
| osteoarthritis | degenerative joint disease |
| rickets | affects children - lack of vitamin D, may cause bowlegs and pigeon breast. Prevented by Vitamin D and sunshine |
| open reduction | surgically reducing a fx using plates, wires or screws |
| closed reduction | cast and or splint keep realigned bone in place |
Created by:
Connie Liles
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