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Respiratory System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| alveoli | microscopic air sacs in the lungs |
| bronchi | two main branches of the trachea; air tubes to and from the lungs |
| bronchioles | small branches of the bronchi; carry air in the lungs |
| cellular respiration | process where cell uses oxygen and nutrients to produce energy |
| cilia | hairlike projections |
| epiglottis | leaf-shpaed structure that closes over the larynx during swallowing |
| expiration | the expulsion of air from the lungs; breathing out air |
| external respiration | exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and bloodstream |
| inspiration | process of breathing in air |
| internal respiration | exchange of carbon dioxide and oxgen between the tissue cells and the bloodstream |
| larynx | voicebox that lies between the pharynx and trachea |
| lungs | organ of respiration located in the thoracic cavity |
| nasal cavities | hollow spaces in the nasal septum |
| nasal septum | wall of cartilage that divides the nose into cavities |
| nose | projection in center and face; organ for smelling and breathing |
| pharynx | throat, lies behind the nasal cavities |
| pleura | a membrane, or sac, in the lung |
| respiration | process of inspiration and expiration |
| respiratory system | consists of lungs and air passages. takes in oxygen and removes carbon dioxide |
| sinuses | cavities in the skull that surround the nasal area |
| trachea | windpipe; tube that extends from larynx to center of chest |
| ventilation | process of breathing |
| asthma | disorder usually caused by an allergensyptoms include: wheezing, coughing, and tightness in the chesttreatment includes bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory medications, and oxygen therapy |
| bronchitis | inflammation of bronchi and bronchial tubessymptoms include: excessive mucus, wheezing, chest pain, and prolonged air expirationno cure but antibiotics and respiratory therapy are used for treatment |
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | any chronic lung disease that results in obstruction of the airways.diseases include: bronchitis, emphysema, and tuberculosistreatment includes bronchodilators, mucolytics, and cough medications |
| emphysema | noninfectious, chronic condition that occurs when the walls of the alveoli deteriorate and lose their elasticitysymptoms include: dyspnea, pain, barrel chest, cyanosis, and chronic coughno cure: treatment includes bronchodilators, oxygen therapy, breathin |
| epistaxis | nosebleed: occurs when capillaries in nose become congestedcaused by hypertension, chronic infection, blood diseases |
| influenza | flu: highly contagious viral infection of the upper respiratory system. symptoms include: chills, fever, cough, sore throat, runny nose, muscle pain, and fatiguetreatment includes: bed rest, fluids, and analgesics |
| laryngitis | inflammation of the larynx and vocal cords symptoms include: loss of voice, sore throat, dysphagiatreatment: rest, limited voice use, fluids, and medication |
| lung cancer | main cause is exposure to carcinogens in tobaccosymptoms include: chronic cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, fatigue, weight loss, and chest paintreatment: surgical removal of the cancerous sections of the lung, radiation, and chemotherapy |
| pleurisy | inflammation of the membranes of the lungsymptoms include: pain while breathing, crepitation, and fevertreatment: rest and medications |
| pneumonia | inflammation of the lungs caused by exudate in the alveolisymptoms: chills, fever, chest pain, cough, fatiguetreatment: bed rest, oxygen therapy, fluids, antibiotics, and pain medication |
| rhinitis | inflammation of the nasal mucous membranesymptoms: runny nose, watery eyes, sneezing, soreness, and congestiontreatment: administering fluids and medications |
| sinusitis | inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the sinusessymptoms: headache, dizziness, nasal discharge, congestiontreatment: antibiotics, decongestants, and moist inhalations |
| sleep apnea | condition when one stops breathing while asleep, causing decrease in blood oxygen levelstreatment: losing weight and sleeping in different positions |
| tuberculosis | infectious lung diseasesymptoms: fatigue, fever, night sweats, weight loss, chest paintreatment: administering drugs for one or more years to destroy the bacteria |
| upper respiratory infection | common cold, inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the upper respiratory tractsymptoms: fever, runny nose, watery eyes, congestion, sore throat, hacking coughno cure but pills, rest, and antihistamines are used to treat symptoms |
Created by:
willrobinson
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