click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Orange Module
Orange Module-Pharmacology-Reverse Definitions
Question | Answer |
---|---|
pharmacology | A biological science and academic discipline that deals with the properties, uses and action of drugs and chemicals in livig beings. |
synergism | A combination of two drugs that causes an effect that is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug given alone. |
inhalation | Administration of drugs in gaseous or vapour form through the nose or mouth. |
antidote | Agent given to counteract an unwanted effect of a drug. |
stimulant | Agent that excites and promotes activity. |
antihypertensive | Agent that lowers blood pressure. |
hypnotic | Agent that produces sleep. |
antinauseant | Agent that relieves nausea. |
iatrogenic | An effect that is produced as an individual sensitivity to a drug. |
side effect | An effect that routinely results from the use of a drug. |
parenteral | By injection or intravenous administration. |
beta-blocker | Cardiac drug that blocks the action of epinephrine. |
amphetamine | Central nervous system stimulant. |
caffeine | Central nervous system stimulant. |
antibiotic | Chemical substance that inhibits or kills foreign organisms. |
systemic | Circulating through the bloodstream to produce a general effect on the body. |
brand name | Commercial name for a drug; trade name. |
tolerance | Drug action in which larger and larger doses must be given to achieve the desired effect. |
antihistamine | Drug that blocks the action of natural histamines in the body and relieves allergy symptoms. |
diuretic | Drug that increases the production of urine. |
antidepressant | Drug that is used to relieve symptoms of depression. |
anticoagulant | Drug that prevents blood clotting. |
anticonvulsant | Drug that prevents convulsions. |
cardiotonic | Drug that promotes the force and efficiency of the heart. |
emetic | Drug that promotes vomiting. |
laxative | Drug that relieves mild constipation. |
tranquilizer | Drug used to control anxiety. |
antidiarrheal | Drug used to prevent diarrhea. |
antidiabetic | Drug used to treat diabetes mellitus. |
antiarrhythmic | Drug which helps restore heart rhythm to a regular cycle. |
antacid | Drug which neutralizes acid in the stomach. |
anesthetic | Drug which reduces or eliminates sensation. |
antianginal | Drug which relieves angina by increasing blood flow. |
analgesic | Drug which relieves pain. |
topical | Drugs applied on the skin or mucous membranes. |
controlled drugs | Drugs defined by federal law to which special rules apply because they are liable to be abused. |
oral | Drugs given by mouth. |
sublingual | Drugs given under the tongue. |
rectal | Drugs inserted via the anus into the rectum. |
contraindications | Factors in a patient's condition that prevents the use of a drug treatment. |
narcotic | Habit-forming drug that relieves pain. |
toxicity | Harmful effects of a drug. |
anaphylaxis | Hypersensitive reaction of the body to a drug or foreign organism. |
barbiturates | Hypnotic drug derived from barbituric acid. |
syringe | Instrument for introducing fluids to or withdrawing fluids from the body. |
sedative | Mildly hypnotic drug that relaxes, without necessarily producing sleep. |
transport | Movement of a drug across a cell membrane into body cells. |
fixed oils (base or carrier oils) | Oils, extracted primarily from plants, that do not evaporate. |
volatile oils | Oils, extracted primarily from plants, that evaporate. |
aerosols | Particles of medication suspended in air. |
ophthalmic | Relating to the eye. |
vitamin | Substances found in foods which are essential for life. |
receptor | Target substance with which a drug interacts in the body. |
cumulative action | The concentration of a drug may increase with each dose, due to the half-life of previous doses. |
absorption | The process by which a medication is taken into the body, broken down and transformed into a form that the body can use. |
distribution | The process by which metabolites are transported to various parts of the body. |
metabolism | The process of breaking down a drug or other substance into metabolites used by the body. |
half-life | the time required by the body to metabolize half the amount of the drug ingested. |
additive action | The total effect that two drugs have in combination is equal to the sum of the effects of each. |
otic | Via the ear. |