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POLS 217 FINAL
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| most important components of state constitutions | Limitations of the government and protecting citizens from deprivation of personal liberty |
| On what grounds have state constitutions been criticized | Weak for executive branch of government, they have too many boards and committees that spilt power, and they are too long and complicated |
| Tax hike for specific cause such as building new first station | Dedicated |
| Tax hike for a specific purpose like research | Earmarking |
| Efficient, diffuses conflicts well, limits government | Federal |
| State hold more power. State decide and then send information to national government | Confederal |
| Strong central government. Most popular and most efficient. | Unitary |
| Powers given to specific branch of government that are written in the constitution | Enumerated |
| Powers that aren't specifically written in the constitution but are covered by other clauses and parts of the constitution | Implied |
| Powers given to the government so that they can act as a unitary government | Inherent |
| Powers reserved by state. 10th amendment | Reserved |
| Laws that national and state government and control together | Concurrent |
| Some powers are denied to be delegated by state and national government | Powers denied |
| Civil war increased... | war powers |
| WWII increased... | presidential powers |
| New Deal increased... | economic intervention |
| Brown vs. Board increased... | educational intervention |
| Voting Rights Act increased... | voting during presidential elections |
| 16th amendment increased... | income tax |
| Constitutions are amended two ways... | Legislative proposal and initiative process |
| U.S. Lopez: gave government enumerated power to regulate flow of money | Commerce |
| 14th amendment: gave citizens protection from intrusion of individual rights | Equal Protection |
| Magna Carta: government must respect citizen's right dying legal bookings | Due Process |
| County and parishes have all powers listed in the state constitution | Dillon's Law |
| Anything that's not prohibited in the constitution is an enumerated power | Home-Rule Charter |
| Voters elect specific office-holder for each commission | Single-Member district |
| Voters elect mayor that appoint office-holders to each commission | At-large district |
| What are the functions and roles of governors in the states? | Party leader, chief fundraiser, ceremonial head, crisis leader, opinion leader |
| What are the non-routine powers exercised by the Louisiana governor? | Agenda, line-item veto, Picks the president of the senate and speaker of the House. Picks committee heads and addresses budget issues |
| Divides workload for sub-committees | Standing |
| Committee that are "special purpose" | Ad Hoc |
| Committee that have senate and house members | Joint |
| Joint committee; reconciles legislation | Conference |
| Committee that oversees chairpersons | Sub-committee |
| Equal number of residents in a representatives district | Apportionment |
| Keeping communities of interest together, towns, precincts, and counties | Redistricting |
| Drawing election boundaries to give advantages to parties and candidates | Gerrymandering |
| What did the Voting Rights Act do to voting participation? | increased the power of minority voting and stopped racial discrimination in drawing districts |
| Baker vs. Carr | one man, one vote |
| Run for election by party, 9 states use this system | Partisan election |
| No parties involved in election | Non-partisan |
| In some states the governor would appoint, in other it is the legislature | Appointment |
| Referendum system in which people are asked if the judge should be re-elected | Merit System (Missouri) |
| How are courts structured? | Minor courts, district courts, appellate courts, and supreme courts |
| A judge with a liberal ideology and more likely to vote for defendant | Activist judge |
| National, highest court | Supreme |
| Regional courts, no jury | Appellate |
| Local court, jury present | District |
| A tax that increases depending on the income | Progressive |
| A tax that hits poor people higher | Regressive |
| A tax that is the same for everyone, does not depend on the income | Flat |
| Non rival and non excludable | Public good |
| Rival and excludable | Private good |
| A school ran by a private management company | Charter |
| "Schools of choice" | Magnet |
| Public schools that are doing poorly so they are turned over to corporations | Privatization |
| What does Title 1 do? | Improving the academic achievement of the disadvantaged. All children have a fair, equal, and significant opportunity to obtain a high-quality education |
Created by:
laurenGfrazier
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