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Chapter 32
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| alimentary canal | The intestinal tract; from the esophagus to the rectum, including accessory organs |
| cardiac sphincter | The muscle that encircles the esophagus where it enters the stomach. |
| cecum | The beginning of the ascending portion of the large intestine that forms a blind pouch at the junction with the small intestine. |
| chyme | The mixture of partially digested food and digestive secretions found in the stomach and small intestines during the digestion of a meal. |
| colon | The large intestine. |
| colostomy | An artificial opening from the colon that allows fecal material to be excreted through the abdominal wall. |
| common bile duct | A duct carrying bile from the hepatic and cystic ducts to the duodenum. |
| Crohn's disease | An inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract with debilitating symptoms. |
| diverticulitis | Inflammation of a diverticulum. |
| duodenum | The first segment of the small intestine. |
| enzyme | A complex chemical substance produced by the body, found primarily in the digestive juices, that acts on food substances to break them down for absorption. |
| fistula | An abnormal tubelike passage from a normal cavity or an abscess to a free surface. |
| flatus | Intestinal gas that may be expelled through the anus. |
| gallbladder | A small sac suspended beneath the liver that concentrates and stores bile. |
| hiatus | Pertains to a herniation of the stomach through an opening. |
| hydrochloric acid | The acid of the gastric juice found in the stomach. |
| ileocecal | The valve between the end of the small intestine and the cecum. |
| ileostomy | A surgical opening from the ileum into the abdominal wall. |
| ileum | The last section of the small intestine. |
| impaction | A collection of hardened feces in the rectum that cannot be expelled. |
| liver | The largest gland in the body; it secretes bile and is located in the upper-right quadrant of the abdomen below the diaphragm. |
| mesentery | A peritoneal fold connecting the intestine to the posterior abdominal wall |
| pancreas | An elongated gland that secretes insulin and pancreatic digestive juices. |
| paralytic ileus | Paralysis of the intestinal wall with symptoms of acute obstruction. |
| peptic | Pertaining to digestion; also refers to an ulcer of the upper digestive tract. |
| polyp | A tumor with a pedicle, especially on mucous membranes such as those in the nose, rectum, or intestines. |
| pruritus ani | Itching about the anus. |
| pyloric | Pertaining to the opening between the stomach and the duodenum. |
| sigmoid | The S-shaped section of the large intestine between the descending colon and the rectum |
| transverse | The segment of the large intestine that lies across the abdomen. |
| ulcer | An open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane that is characterized by the loss of tissue and the formation of a secretion. |
| vermiform appendix | The appendix; a small tube attached to the cecum. |
| villi | Tiny projections on the surface of the small intestine that absorb nutrients during the process of digestion (singular: villus). |
| villous adenoma | A type of polyp that is invasive and malignant. |
| Name the four phases of the digestive process. | . |
| ascending colon | large intestine |
| transverse colon | large intestine |
| descending colon | large intestine |
| sigmoid colon | large intestine |
Created by:
rachaelbernal78
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