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Unit 3E
Respiratory System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| the system of the body concerned with gas transport and exchange | Respiratory system |
| 2 phases of the respiratory system | 1. Conductive Phase 2. Gas Exchange Phase |
| phase concerned with the movement of gases from the outer enviroment through the respiratory tubes to the lungs. | Conductive phase |
| phase concerned with the exchange of O2 and CO2 between the blood and the air sacs of the lungs | Gas Exchange Phase |
| The 6 organs of the respiratory system | 1. Nasal Cavity (oral cavity) 2. Pharynx 3. Larynx 4. Trachea 5. Bronchi 6. Lungs |
| referred to as the nose and the mouth | Nasal Cavity ( oral cavity) |
| Muscular tube for passageway of air and food | Pharynx |
| Cartilage tube for passageway of air, contains vocal cords | Larynx |
| The Trachea is a______ and_______ tube extending from the larynx above, to the point at which it bifurcates into 2 primary bronchi below | cartilaginous, membranous |
| The Trachea is called the _____ by lay people | Windpipe |
| The Trachea is about __ cm in length in vivo. | 15 cm |
| The Trachea is composed of __ - __ C-shaped rings of _____ cartilage , so that each almost encircles the lumen | 16-20, Hyaline |
| in the trachea the OPEN ends of the incomplete cartilaginous rings are directed ______, and the gap between the 2 ends of each ring is bridged by _____ tissue and _____ muscle. | Posteriorly, Connective , Smooth |
| in the trachea The connective tissue bridge between the 2 ends of each ring is adjacent to the posteriorly related ______ | esophagus |
| The Tracheal ______ marks the end of the trachea and the beginning of 2 primary _____ | Bifurcation , Bronchi |
| it is the _____ bronchi that that will enter the substance of the lungs | primary |
| The trachea lies _____ to the esophagus | anterior |
| The trachea terminates by bifurcating on to 2 primary bronchi called the ? | Right Primary Bronchus, Left Primary Bronchus |
| Which bronchus is wider, shorter , and straighter ( forms less acute angle with the trachea) ? | RPB |
| The RPB is approx ___ cm in length | 2.5 cm |
| The RPB enters the right lung at the _____ of the right lung and divides into 3 _______ Bronchi , 1 for each of the lobes of the right lung | Hilus, Secondary |
| Each of the 3 secondary bronchi will branch again into ______ bronchi what will supply a _____________ segment | tertiary . BRONCHOPULMONARY |
| The Term BRONCHOPULMONARY segment is applied to the _______ segment within a lobe of the lung. | Largest |
| BRONCHOPULMONARY segments are separated from each other by ______- tissue septa that prevent ______ of air from 1 segment to another | connective, diffusion |
| The Left Primary Bronchus is ______ in caliber but about ___ as long as the right (__cm) | Smaller, twice , 5 cm |
| The LPB makes ___ of an acute angle then the RPB | more |
| so if u are choking because something falls from the though the trachea most likely something is lodged in the _____ since its more inline with the trachea. | RPB |
| The LPB enters the left lung through the _____ and divides into 2 secondary bronchi , 1 for the upper lobe and 1 for the lower lobe | Hilus |
| In the LPB the tertiary bronchi subdivide_____ times and eventually into many _______. | numerous, Bronchiols |
| Bronchioles are much ______ and more ______ then bronchi. | smaller, numerous |
| Bronchioles do not contain _____ in their walls to prevent them from ______ on inspiratory movements because they are _____ the substance of the ____ which itself is expanded during inspiratory movements. Compared to bronchi | cartilage, collapsing, inside, lungs |
| The terminal bronchioles in turn divide into ________ bronchioles | Respiratory |
| Respiratory bronchioles are very ____ tubes composed of ______ tissue and ______ muscle. | small,connective, smooth |
| A few ____ bud off the respiratory bronchioles and are the reason why these bronchioles are termed respiratory bronchioles | alveoli |
| The respiratory bronchioles ___ and ___ conelike into _ to _ alveolar ducts. | Branch, Radiate, 2,11 |
| The ____ ducts are long thin-walled tubes of _____ tissue and ___ muscle | Alveolar, connective, smooth |
| From the alveolar ducts arise ___ alveoli and alveolar ___ containing __ or more alveoli. | single, sacs, 2 |
| At the level of alveoli there is NO longer any _____ or _____ ____ . | cartilage, smooth muscle |
| All that remains of alveolar walls is a ___ layer of ____ and _____ tissue | thin, epithelium, connective tissue |
| the most conspicuous feature of the alveoli is the presence of numerous _____ adjacent to them | Capillaries |
| The capillaries are situated so that a great portion of their surface is directed towards the ___ . since it is the alveolar wall plus the capillary wall that make up the respiratory membrane, which is the membrane which ___ exchange will occur. | alveolus(small cavity) , gas |
| There are _ lungs in the body , properly called the ? | Right lung, Left Lung |
| Each lung presents an ____, ____, & _ surfaces | Apex, Base, 3 |
| the round superior end of the lung is called the ? | Apex |
| The 3 surfaces of the lungs are ? | Costal Surface, Diaphragmatic Surface ( base), Medial Surface |
| The surface adjacent to the thoracic wall | Costal Surface |
| The thoracic wall consists of 4 things what are they ? | sternum, ribs, costal cartilage's, intercostal muscles |
| That part of the lung adjacent to the upper surface of the diaphragm. and what is it also called ? | Diaphragmatic Surface , (base) |
| Since the Diaphragm projects ____ forming _#_ domes, the Diaphragmatic Surface is ______. | upward,2, concave |
| The part of the lung adjacent to the heart and other thoracic organs | Medial Surface |
| The medial surface presents a ____, the ____ or _____, where all the structures that will enter or leave the lung will pass. | locus, Hilus, Hilum |
| The name that is given to collectively to all of the structures that enter or leave the lung at the hilus is the _____ of the lung | Root |
| The 3 structures forming the ROOT are ? | Pulmonary Artery, Pulmonary Veins , Primary Bronchus |
| a branch of the pulmonary trunk that will bring deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lung | Pulmonary artery |
| This structure will carry oxygenated blood from the lung back to the heart. | Pulmonary Veins |
| How many pulmonary veins are there total and how many per lung. | 4, 2 per lung |
| The branch of the trachea , that serves as a passage way for air | Primary bronchus |
| The right lung has how many fissures ? | 2 |
| Fissure(s) of the right lung ? | Oblique fissure, Transverse fissure |
| The fissures subdivide the RIGHT LUNG into how many lobes ? | 3 |
| what are the 3 lobes of the right lung ? | Upper (superior) lobe, Middle lobe, Lower (inferior) Lobe |
| The left lung has how many fissures ? | 1 |
| Fissure(s) of the left lung ? | Oblique Fissure |
| The Fissure of the right lung Subdivides the the LEFT lung into how many lobes ? | 2 |
| what are the 2 lobes of the left lung ? | Upper (superior) lobe, Lower(inferior) lobe |
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