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Female Reproductive-Reverse Defs
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| hymen | a fold partially or completely covering the vaginal opening |
| obstetrician | a physician who specializes in dealing with pregnancy, labour and puerperium |
| nullipara | a woman who has never produced a viable offspring |
| therapeutic abortion (TA) | abortion induced legally for medical or other reasons |
| ovaries | almond-shaped glands located in the pelvic cavity which produce the ovum and various hormones |
| uterine fibroids | benign tumours composed of muscle and fibrous tissue that develop in the uterus; also called leiomyomas, myomas, or fibroids |
| reduction mammography | breast reduction to reduce the size of a large, pendulous breast |
| menorrhagia | bursting forth of menses |
| spermicides | chemically destroy sperm by creating a highly acidic environment in the uterus |
| breech presentation | common abnormality of delivery in which the fetal buttons or feet present first rather than the head |
| tissue (skin) expansion | common breast reconstruction technique in which a balloon expander is inserted beneath the skin and chest muscle, saline solution is gradually injected to increase size, and the expander is then replaced with a more permanent implant |
| pregnancy | condition in which a fertilized ovum develops in the uterus |
| atresia | congenital absence or closure of a normal body opening, such as the vagina |
| reconstructive breast surgery | creation of a breast-shaped mound to replace a breast that has been removed due to cancer or other disease |
| papanicolaou (PAP) test | cytological study used to detect abnormal cells sloughed from the cervix and vagina, usually obtained during routine pelvic examination |
| insufflation | delivery of pressurized air or gas into a cavity, chamber, or organ to allow visual examination, remove an obstruction, or apply medication |
| conization | excision of a cone-shaped piece of tissue, such as mucosa of the cervix, for histological examination |
| lumpectomy | excision of a small primary breast tumour and some of the normal tissue that surrounds it |
| mastectomy | excision of the entire breast |
| radical mastectomy | excision of the entire breast all underarm lymph nodes, and chest wall muscles under the breast |
| modified radical mastectomy | excision of the entire breast, including the lymph nodes in the underarm |
| total (simple) mastectomy | excision of the entire breast, nipple, areola, and the involved overlying skin; also called simple mastectomy |
| hymenectomy | excision of the hymen |
| hysterectomy | excision of the uterus |
| vulvectomy | excision of the vulva |
| pseudocyesis | false pregnancy |
| galactorrhea | flow of milk |
| down syndrome | genetic condition in which a person has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46 and occurs when there is an extra copy of chromosome 21, which causes delays in the way a child develops mentally and physically; also called trisomy 21 |
| total hysterectomy | hysterectomy where the cervix is removed but the ovaries and fallopian tubes remain; also called complete hysterectomy |
| subtotal hysterectomy | hysterectomy where the cervix, ovaries, and fallopian tubes remain |
| sterility | inability of the female to become pregnant or the male to impregnate the female |
| cesarean section | incision of the abdomen and uterus to remove the fetus; also called c-section |
| hydrocephalus | increased accumulation of the cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles of the brain |
| oxytocic's | induce labour at term by increasing the strength and frequency of uterine contractions |
| cystitis | inflammation of the bladder |
| cervicitis | inflammation of the cervix |
| endocervicitis | inflammation of the mucous lining of the cervix uteri |
| oophoritis | inflammation of an ovary |
| vaginitis | inflammation of the vagina |
| augmentation | insertion of a breast prosthesis beneath the skin or beneath the pectoralis major muscle |
| gestation | length of time from conception to birth |
| choriocarcinoma | alignant neoplasm of the uterus or at the site of an ectopic pregnancy |
| dysmenorrhea | menstrual pain |
| pelimetry | measurement of pelvic dimensions to determine whether the head of the fetus will be able to pass through the bony pelvis to allow delivery |
| eclampsia | most serious form of toxemia during pregnancy |
| os | opening or mouth |
| orifice | mouth; entrance or outlet of any anatomical structure |
| vagina | muscular tube extending from the cervix to the exterior of the body |
| placenta previa | obstetric complication in which the placenta is attached close to or covers the cervical canal that results in bleeding during labour when the cervix dilates |
| dyspareunia | occurrence of pain during sexual intercourse |
| gynecologist | one who specializes in the study of the female |
| uterus | organ that contains and nourishes the embryo from the time of fertilization until birth |
| natal | pertaining to birth |
| labial | pertaining to the lip |
| ectopic pregnancy | pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum does not reach the uterine cavity but becomes implanted on any tissue other than the lining of the uterine cavity, such as a fallopian tube, an ovary, the abdomen, or even the cervix uteri |
| abruptio placentae | premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before the third stage of labour; also called placental abruption |
| tubal ligation | procedure that ties the fallopian tubes to prevent pregnancy |
| cryosurgery | process of freezing tissue to destroy cells; also called cryocautery |
| location | production and release of milk by mammary glands |
| mammography | radiographic examination of the breast to screen for breast cancer |
| (HSG) hysterosalpingography | radiography and usually, fluoroscopy of the uterus and uterine tubes following injection of a contrast medium |
| mammary | relating to the breast |
| endometrial biopsy | removal of a sample of uterine endometrium for microscopic study |
| cordcentesis | sampling of fetal blood drawn from the umbilical vein and performed under ultrasound guidance |
| (CVS) chorionic villus sampling | sampling of placental tissues for prenatal diagnosis of potential genetic defects |
| kernicterus | serous condition involving mental retardation, jaundice and brain damage |
| pruritis vulvae | severe itching of the external female genitalia |
| external genitalia | sex, or reproductive, organs visible on the outside of the body; also called genitals |
| (IUD) intrauterine device | small, t-shaped device inserted by a physician inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy |
| colpocleisis | surgical closure of the vaginal canal |
| tranverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap | surgical creation of a skin flap using skin and fat from the lower half of the abdomen which is passed under the skin to the breast area, and then shaping abdominal tissue into a natural looking breast and suturing it into place |
| mammoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the breast(s) to change the size, shape or position |
| colorrhaphy | suture of the vagina |
| cerclage | suturing of the cervix to prevent it from dilating prematurely during pregnancy, thus decreasing the chance of a spontaneous abortion |
| oral contraceptives | synthetic hormones used to prevent pregnancy and treat menstral disorders |
| prostaglandins | terminate pregnancy |
| abortion | termination of pregnancy before the embryo or fetus is capable of surviving outside |
| tubal insufflation | test for patency of the uterine tubes made by transuterine insufflations with carbon dioxide; also called Rubin test |
| menopause | the end of menstration for the remainder of a woman's life |
| total plus bilateral salpingo oophroectomy | total (complete) hysterectomy, including removal of the uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and ovaries |
| amniocentesis | transabdominal puncture of the amniotic sac under ultrasound guidance using a needle and syringe to remove amniotic fluid |
| estrogens | treat symptoms of menopause through hormone replacement therapy |
| antifungals | treat vaginal yeast infection by altering the yeast cell membrane or interfering with a metabolic process |
| retroversion | turning or state of being turned back, especially an entire organ, such as the uterus, being tipped from its normal position |
| transvaginal ultrasound (US) | US of the pelvic area performed with a probe inserted into the vagina, which provides sharper images of pathological and normal structures within the pelvis |
| (US) ultrasonography | use of high-frequency sound waves directed at soft tissue and reflected as "echoes" to produce an image on monitor of internal body structure; also called ultrasound, sonograpy, and echo |
| laparoscopy | visual examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope through one or more small incisions in the abdominal wall, usually at the umbilicus |
| colposcopy | visual examination of the vagina and cervix with an optical magnifying instrument |
| leukorrhea | white vaginal discharge |
| D&C, dilations and curettage | widening of the cervical canal with a dilator and scraping the uterine endometrium with a curette |
| intrauterine | within the uterus |
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deyoht_kwa
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