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Muscles
Origin/Insertion/Action
| Muscle | Action |
|---|---|
| Brachioradialis | Synergist to forearm flexion |
| Pectoralis Major | Flex upper arm Adducts upper arm anteriorly (across chest) |
| Sternocleidomastoid | Flexes head |
| Zygomaticus | Raises lateral corners of mouth (smiling muscle) |
| Brachialis | Flexes forearm (pronated) <-- pouring soup out |
| Orbicularis Oculi | Closes eye (winking muscle) |
| Latissimus dorsi | Extends upper arm Abducts upper arm posteriorly |
| Masseter | Prime mover of jaw closure Elevates mandible |
| Trapezius | Raises or lowers shoulder Extends head |
| Soleus | Plantar flexes foot |
| Orbicularis Oris | Closes lips (kissing muscle) |
| Temporalis | Closes jaw, elevates and retracts mandible |
| Palmaris longus | Weak wrist flexor, tenses skin and fascia of palm |
| Flexor carpi radialis | Flexes wrist, abducts hand |
| Extensor carpi ulnaris | Extends wrist, addicts hand |
| Flexor carpi ulnaris | Flexes wrist, addicts hand |
| Extensor digitorum longus | Dorsifilexes foot and extends toes |
| Finularis (peroneus) | Plantar flexes and everts foot |
| Tibialis anterior | Dorsiflexes and inverts foot |
| Gracilis | Adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh, flexes knee |
| Pectoralis minor | With ribs fixed draws scapula forward and downward With scapula fixed draws rib cage superiorly |
| External Oblique Internal Oblique Transverse Abdominis | Compresses abdominal contents |
| Serratus anterior | Prime mover to protract and hold scapula against chest wall |
| Flexor digitorum longus | Plantar flexes and inverts foot, flexes toes |
| Pronator teres | Pronates forearm |
| Levator scapulae | Elevates/ adducts scapula |
| Extensor carpi radials | Extends wrist, abducts hand |
| Extensor digitorum | Extends fingers,wrist, abducts fingers |
| Adductor Longus Adductor femorus Pectineus | Adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh |
| Gluteus Maximus | Extend thigh Lateral rotation |
| Gluteus Medius | Abducts and medially rotates thigh |
| Sartorius | Abducts, flexes, laterally rotates thigh, flexes knee |
| Tensor fascias latae | Flexes and abducts thigh, rotates thigh medially, stabilizes knee and trunk |
| Semitendinosus | ORIGIN- ischial tuberosity INSERTION-tibia ACTION- flexes knee, extends thigh |
| Biceps Femoris | ORIGIN- femur , ischium INSERTION - tibia, fibula ACTION - flexes knee, extends thigh |
| Gastrocnemius | ORIGIN-lateral, medial condyle INSERTION -calcaneus ACTION -plantar flexes foot, flex knee |
| Rectus abdominus | ORIGIN -pubic crest INSERTION - ribs 5,6,7. Diploid process ACTION -flex &rotate lumbar region |
| Deltoid | ORIGIN-clavicle, scapula (acromion , spine)! INSERTION- numerous (deltoid tuberosity) ACTION -abducts upper arm |
| Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius | ORIGIN - femur INSERTION - tibial tuberosity ACTION - extends knee |
| Rectus femoris | ORIGIN-llium INSERTION - tibial tuberosity ACTION - flex thigh, extend knee |
| Biceps brachii | ORIGIN -scapula, coracoid process INSERTION -radial tuberosity ACTION - flex supinated forearm (holding soup) |
| Triceps brachii | ORIGIN -scapula , humerus INSERTION -olceranon process-ulna ACTION -extends forearm |
| Semimembranosus | ORIGIN - ischial tuberosity INSERTION -tibia ACTION -flexes knee, extends thigh |
| Rotator cuff -supraspinatus -infraspinatus -teres minor -subscapularis | ORIGIN -scapula INSERTION -humerous-greater tubercle ACTION - rotation of humerous-stabilizes shoulder joint, assists arm movement |
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