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Med term urinary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| function of urinary system | remove waste regulates water and electrolytes |
| electrolytes | substances in the blood and body fluid that balance body functions |
| examples of electrolytes | sodium potassium calcium phosphorus magnesium |
| urine | waste and water filtered from the kidney to be discharged |
| ureters | connects kidney to bladder |
| bladder | hold urine until the need to void |
| void | another term for urinate |
| urinary meatus | external opening of the urethra |
| urethra | small passage way from the bladder to the urinary meatus |
| prostate | gland that surrounds urethra just under the bladder (male) |
| function of the prostate gland | secretes fluid that helps sperm get out side the body |
| renal capsule | tough outer covering of the kidney |
| cortex | contains nephrons that filter organs to the medulla of the kidney |
| hilum | where the ureter is attached |
| calyx | the structure the urine empties into the pelvis of the kidney |
| pelvis | the part of the kidney that collects the urine from the entire kidney |
| function of a nephron | filters waste products and excess fluid from the blood |
| urea, uric acid, creatinine, electrolytes, sugar | waste products and excess products that the nephrons remove from the blood |
| approximate number of nephrons that each kidney contains | millions |
| cystitis | most common urinary infection |
| cause of cystitis | urinary retention or improper hygiene habits |
| urgency | need to void immediately |
| frequency | voiding in small but frequent amounts |
| hematuria | blood in the urine |
| bacteriuria | bacteria in the urine |
| symptoms of cystitis | frequency, urgency, hematuria, bacteriuria, pain |
| urethritis | inflammation of the urethra |
| ureteritis | inflammation of the ureter/s |
| pyelonephritis | inflammation of the kidney pelvis |
| pyelonephritis | serious kidney infection with symptoms of fever, nausea, vomiting, pyuria, bacteruria, and hematuria |
| glomerulonephritis | toxins from bacteria that cause strep throat can result in temporary damage of the glomerulus |
| proteinuria | protein in the urine |
| oliguria | decrease urine production, less than 500 ml in 24 hours |
| edema | swelling due to retained fluid in the body |
| causes of acute tubular necrosis | nephrotoxins or ischemia |
| ischemia | deficient blood supply |
| nephrotoxins | substances that are poisonous to the kidney that are either ingested or inhaled |
| hemodialysis | treatment for damaged kidneys to filter fluid and waste products from the blood outside the body using a dialysis machine |
| hydronephrosis | fluid/urine back flow into the kidney causing it to dilate |
| lithotomy | incision to remove a stone |
| lithotripsy | surgically crushing a stone |
| what might cause an obstruction where the bladder meets the urethra | scar tissue, stones, tumors, blood clots |
| prostatic hyperplasia | abnormal growth of the prostate gland tissue |
| BPH | benign prostatic hypertrophy |
| phimosis | condition when the end of the penis is blocked or narrowed |
| prepuce | the fold of skin that covers the end of the penis |
| antibiotic | type of medication given for an infection |
| estrogenic | female hormones sometimes given for the treatment of prostate cancer |
| chemotherapy | type of drug used for malignant tumors |
| diuretic | type of drug that helps to increase the secretion of urine |
| blood tests to determine kidney function | BUN and serum creatinine |
| urinalysis | laboratory test most commonly used on urine |
| KUB x-ray, ultrasonography, CT, MRI | non-invasive x-ray exams done to examine the urinary system |
| catheter | kind of equipment used to instill dye into the bladder or drain fluid from the bladder |
| cystogram | test that uses dye instilled into the bladder |
| reflux | a backward flow of urine due to weak valves in the bladder or an obstruction |
| IVP | intravenous pyelogram |
| intravenous pyelogram | test to x-ray the kidney pelvis and find abnormalities of renal arteries, tumors, or cysts |
| retrograde pyelogram | test that is ordered if an IVP and a cystogram are done together |
| urethroscopy | can detect abnormalities or constrictions, or to remove part of the prostate to alleviate an obstruction |
| cystoscopy | visualizes the bladder |
| nephroscopy | visualizes the kidney |
| renal biopsy | small piece of kidney tissue is removed using a long needle inserted through the skin into the kidney |
| cystotomy | incision into the bladder |
| cystoplasty | repair of the bladder |
| cystostomy | new opening into the bladder |
| urethroplasty | surgical repair of the urethra |
| urethropexy | surgery to fix and support the urethra |
| pyelolithotomy | incision into the kidney pelvis to remove a calculus/stone |
| cystolithotomy | removal of a stone from the bladder |
| nephrectomy | removal of a kidney |
| renal transplant | transfer of a donor kidney into a recipient |
Created by:
happybunney23
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