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Emergency Care 12th
Chap 5 Medical terminology & Anatomy & Physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cardi: word part and meaning | root, heart |
| Neur: word part and meaning | root, nerve |
| Nas: word part and meaning | root, nose/nassal |
| Or: word part and meaning | root, mouth/oral |
| Hyper: Worde part and meaning | prefix, above normal or high |
| Hypo: Word part and meaning | prefix, below normal or low |
| Tachy: word part and meaning | Prefix, above normal or rapid |
| Brady: Word part and meaning | Prefix, below normal or slow |
| -ac: word part and meaning | Suffix, pertaining to |
| -ology: word part or meaning | Sufix, study of |
| -al: word part and meaning | Suffix, pertaning to |
| -ist: word part and meaning | sufix, one who specializes in |
| Anatomy | the study of body structure |
| physiology | the study of body function |
| Atomical postion | the body is standing facing forward with palms facing outward |
| plane | a flat surface formed when slicing through a solid object |
| midline | an imaginary line drawn down the center of the body dividing into left and right halves |
| medial | is the middle of the midline |
| bilateral | both sides |
| mid-axillary line | a line drawn vertically from the middle of the arm pit to the ankle |
| anterior | the front of the body part |
| posterior | the back of the body part |
| ventral | referring to the front of the body a synonym for anterior |
| dorsal | referring to the back of the body or the back of the hand or foot. Synonym for posterior. |
| Superior | towards the head...the top.. something like the head is superior to the chest. |
| inferior | Away from the head towards the bottom the lips are inferior to the nose |
| proximal | closer to the torso |
| distal | farther away from the torso |
| torso | the trunk of the body.. the part of the body that is left when you remove the head and the extremities |
| palmar | referring to the palm of the hand |
| plantar | referring to the sole of the foot |
| mid clavicular line | the line through the center of each clavicle |
| abdominal quadrants | four divisions of the abdomen used to pinpoint the location of a pain or injury. |
| What are the four quadrants? | RUQ or the right upper quadrant LUQ the left upper quadrant RLQ right lower quadrant LLQ and the left lower quadrant |
| Supine | lying on the back |
| prone | lying face down |
| recovery postion | lying on the side. Also called lateral recumbent position |
| Fowler postion | a sitting position |
| Lateral recumbent | laying on the side |
| trendelenburg position | a position in which the patient's feet and legs are higher than the head |
| thyroid cartilage or adams apple | the wing shaped plate of cartilage that sets anterior to the larynx and forms the adams apple. |
| musculoskeletal system | the system of bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement |
| skeleton | the bone of the body |
| muscle | the tissue that can contract to allow movement of a body part |
| ligament | tissue that connects bone to bone |
| tendon | tissue that connect muscle to bone |
| what makes up the musculoskeletal system? | bones joints muscles |
| What make sup the respiratory system? | nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchioles, lungs |
| what makes up the cardiovascular system? | heart, arteries, veins |
| what makes up the blood system? | plasma, white blood cells, red blood cells, platlets |
| What makes up the nervous system? | brain, spinal cord, nerves |
| What makes up the digestive system? | oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine or colon, liver, gallbladder, pancreas |
| What makes up the integumentary | skin, hair, nails, sweat glands |
| What makes up the endocrine system | plutaratory gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, the thymus gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, testis, ovaries |
| What makes up the renal or the urinary system? | kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra |
| What makes up the male reproductive system? | testis, epididymis, vas deferens, penis, seminal vesicles, prostate gland |
| What makes up the female reproductive system? | Ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, vulva, breast |
| What is the functions of the musculoskeletal system? | skeleton supports and protects the body, forms blood cells, and stores minerals. Muscles produce movment |
| What is the function of the respiratory system | obtains oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the body |
| What is the function of the cardiovascular system? | pumps blood throughout the interior body to transport nutrients, oxygen and waste. |
| What is the function of the blood system? | transports oxygen, protects against pathogens, and promotes clotting to control bleeding. |
| What is the function of the nervous system? | receives sensory information and coordinates the body's response. |
| What is the function of the digestive system? | ingest, digest, and absorbs nutrients for the body. |
| What is the function of the integumentary system? | forms protective barrier and aids in temperature regulations. |
| What is the function of the endocrine system? | regulates metabolic/hormonal activity in the body. |
| What is the function of the renal urinary system? | filters waste products out of the blood and remove them from the body. |
| What is the function of the male reproductive system? | produces sperm for reproduction |
| What is the function of the female reproductive system? | to produce eggs for reproduction and provides place for a growing baby. |
| Skull | the bony structure of the head |
| cranium | the top back and side of the skull |
| the mandible | the lower jaw bone |
| maxillae | the two fused bones forming the upper jaw |
| nasal bones | the nose bones |
| orbits | the bony structures around the eyes and eye sockets |
| zygomatic arches | bones that form the structure of the cheeks |
| vertebrae | 33 bone of the spinal column |
| thorax | the chest |
| sternum | the breast bone |
| manubrium | the superior portion of the sternum |
| xiphoid process | the inferior portion of the sternum |
| pelvis | the basin-shaped bony structure that supports the spine and is the point of proximal attachment for the lower extremities |
| ilium | the superior and widest portion of the pelvis |
| ischium | the lower, posterior portions of the pelvis |
| pubis | the medial anterior portion of the pelvis |
| acetabulum | the pelvic socket into which the ball at the proximal end of the femur fits to form the hip joint. |
| femur | the large bone of the thigh |
| patella | knee cap |
| tibia | the medial and larger bone of the lower leg (shin) |
| fibula | the lateral and the smaller bone of the lower leg |
| malleolus | protrusion on the side of the ankles. |
| Tarsals | ankle bones |
| metatarsals | the foot bones |
| phlangles | finger bones and toe bones |
| calcaneus | heel bone |
| clavicle | collar bone |
| scapula | shoulder blade |
| acromion process | the highest portion of the shoulder |
| acromioclavicular joint | the joint where the acromion and the clavicle meet |
| humerus | the bone of the upper arm between the shoulder and the ableo |
| radius | the lateral bone of the foearm |
| ulna | the medial bone of the forearm |
| carpals | the wrist bones |
| metacarpals | the hand bones |
| CPAP (see-pap) | Continuous positive airway pressure |
| What doe sit mean when you add the letter "A" to any medical term? | Without |
| Systole | beating of the heart |
| Asystole | no heart beat |
| Megaly | enlarged |
| hepto | liver |
| Where do white blood cells come from? | the spleen |
| osis | condition of |
| Cyte | Cell |
| leukocyte | white cell |
| leuko | white |
| orbit | opening through the skull where the eye is found |
| periorbital | around the eye |
| What is in the right upper quadrant (RUQ) | Liver, colon, right kidney, pancreas, gallbladder |
| What is in the left upper quadrant (LUQ) | Liver, spleen, Left kidney, stomach, colon, pancreas |
| What is in the Right lower quadrant (RLQ) | Right kidney, colon, small intestines, major artery and vein to the right leg, ureter, appendix |
| What is in the left lower quadrant (LLQ) | left kidney, colon, small intestines, major artery and vein of the left leg, ureter |
| What color is your face when you BP is up | RED |
| What color is your face when you Bp s low? | paile |
| How many bones are in the human body? | 206 |
| fantails | soft spot on baby |
| how many vertebrae do we have? | 33 |
| How many section of vertebrae are there? | 5 |
| How many vertebrae are in the cervical (neck)? | 7 |
| How many vertebrae are in the thoracic (thorax, ribs, upper back)? | 12 |
| How many vertebrae are in the lumbar (lower back) | 5 |
| How many vertebrae are in the sacral (back wall of pelvis)? | 5 |
| How many vertebrae are in the coccyx (tailbone) | 4 |
| Which lung is bigger the left or right side? | right side |
| How many lobes are in the left side of the lung? | 2 |
| How many lobes are in the right side of the lung? | 3 |
| Where doe steh hear sit? | under the sternum towards the left side. |
| Patella | knee cap |
| What are 2 major types of joints? | ball and socket joint and hinge joint |
| What are three types of muscle? | Voluntary, involuntary, and cardiac |
| What are voluntary (skeletal) muscles? | they move when you want them to move. |
| What are involuntary (smooth) muscles? | they move without thought or with out telling them to. |
| Why do we breath? | to rid our bodies of carbon dioxide |
| Crina | Cough stimulant |
| cilia | little hairs in the trachea |
| how much oxygen do we inhale? | 21% |
| How much oxygen do we exhale? | 16% |
| How much oxygen do we use? | 5% |
| How many times longer doe sit take to inhale then to exhale? | 3 to 4 times longer |
| Ventilator | moving gases to and from alveoli |
| respiration | exchange of gases between cells and blood stream |
| 4 chambers of the heart are? | right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle |
| What is textbook perfect blood pressure? | 120/80 |
| ** Will for sure be on the test** What is the largest strongest chamber of the heart | Left ventricle |
| What is the atrioventricular (AV node) known as? | the pacemaker of the heart |
| What are the components of blood? | Plasma (saltwater), red blood cells, white blood cells, platlets |
| What do red blood cells known as? | dump trucks |
| what is another name for white blood cells? | erythrocytes |
| What do white blood cells do? | Fight off infection |
| What do platelets do? | clotting |
| What percent of sodium chloride (NaCL) is in your plasma? | 0.9% |
| joint | the point where two bones come together |
| automaticity | specialized involuntary muscles found only in the heat. |
| respiratory system | the system of the nose mouth throat lungs and muscles that brings oxygen into the body and expels carbon dioxide |
| oropharynx | the are directly posterior (behind) to the mouth. |
| nasopharynx | the are directly posterior to the nose. |
| pharynx | the area posterior to the mouth and nose. It is made up of the oropharynx and the nasopharynx. |
| epiglottis | a leaf shaped structure that prevents food and foreign matter from entering the trachea |
| larynx | the voice box |
| cricoid | the ring shaped structure that forms the lower portion of the larynx |
| Trachea | the wind pipe |
| Bronchi | the two large sets of branches that come off the trachea (windpipe) and enter the lungs |
| alveoli | the microscopic sacs of the lungs where gas exchange with bloodstream takes place |
| vena cavae | the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava. these two major veins return blood from the body to the right atrium. |
| What is the largest artery in the body? | Aorta |
| Valve | a structure that opens and closes to permit the flow of a fluid in only one direction |
| Cardiac conduction system | a system of muscle tissue that conducts electrical impulses that stimulate the heart to beat |
| artery | any blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart |
| coronary arteries | blood vessels that supply the muscles of the heart |
| pulmonary arteries | the vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs |
| carodit artieres | the large neck arteries on either side of the neck |
| Femoral artery | the manager artery supplying the leg. |
| brachial artery | artery of the upper arm the site of the pulse checked during infant CPR |
| Posterior tibial artery | artery supplying the foot, behind the medial ankle |
| dorsalis pedis artery | artery supplying the foot, lateral to the large tendon of the big toe |
| arteriole | the smallest kind of artery |
| capillary | a thin walled microscopic blood vessel where the oxygen/carbon dioxide and nutrient/waste exchange with the body's cells takes place. |
| venule | the smallest vein |
| vein | any blood vessel returning blood to the heart |
| pulmonary veins | the vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart |
| Name the peripheral pulses: | radial, brachial, posterior tibial, and dorsalis pedis |
| Name the central pulses: | carotid and femoral pulses |
| systolic blood pressure | the pressure created in the arteries when the left ventricle contracts and forces blood out in to circulation |
| diastolic blood pressure | the pressure in the arteries when the left ventricle is refiling. |
| perfusion | the supply of oxygen and the removal of waste from the cells and tissues of the body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries |
| CNS = central nervous system is made up of what? | brain and spinal cord |
| PNS = peripheral nervous system is made up of what? | the nerves that enter and leave the spinal cord and travel between the brain and the organs without passing through the spinal cord. |
| What is the largest organ in the body | the liver |
| Gallbladder | stores bile produced by liver |
| pancreas | produces insulin and juices that assist in digestion |
| spleen | acts as a blood filtration system |
| Subcutaneous layers | the layers of fat and soft tissue found below the dermis (the second layer of the skin rich in blood vessels and nerves) |
| endocrine system | system of glands that produce chemicals, called hormones, that help to regulate many body activities and functions. |
| insulin | a hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics |
| epinephrine | a hormone produced by the body as a medication, it dilates respiratory passages and is used to relieve sever allergic reactions. |
| renal system | the body system that regulates fluid balance and the filtration of blood, also called the urinary system. |
| kidneys | organs of the renal system used to filter blood and regulate fluid levels in the body |
| blader | the round sack like organ of the renal system used as a reservoir for urine. |
| ureters | the tubes connecting the kidneys to the bladder |
| urethra | tube connecting the blader to the vigina or the penis for excretion of urien |
| reproductive system | the body's system the is responsible for human production |
| testis | the male organ of reproduction used for production of sperm |
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LacyJay87
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