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Bones and Movement
Miscellaneous Bones and Movement
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Frontal (Coronal) Plane | divides body vertically into the front and back |
| Sagittal Plane | divides body vertically into left and right sides |
| Transverse Plane | divides body horizontally into upper and lower portions |
| Anterior | front or ventral part of body |
| Posterior | back or dorsal part of body |
| Medial | midline of body |
| inferior or caudal | below another structure (towards the tail) |
| superior or cephalic | above another strucutre (towards the head) |
| medial | near the medial plane of the body |
| lateral | side |
| distal | away from point of attachment or beginning of a structure |
| proximal | close to the point of attachment or beginning of a structure |
| superficial | on the surface |
| deep | away from the surface |
| peripheral | at or towards the surface of the body |
| adduction | movement toward the midline of the body |
| abduction | movement away from the midline of the body |
| extension | straightening or stretching of the body |
| flexion | bending the body |
| medial rotation | rotation inward towards the body |
| lateral rotation | rotation outward from the body |
| supination (hand and forearm) | turning the hand so the palm is upwards |
| pronation | turning the hand back so that the palm is downwards |
| erect | standing position |
| supine | lying down flat on back |
| prone | lying face down flat on stomach |
| laterally recumbant | lying down on right or left side |
| semi-prone | lying on left or right side and chest with arm along back and opposite leg drawn up |
| semi-Fowler's position | lying on back with trunk and legs slightly elevated |
| long bones | lower leg, thigh, lower arm, upper arm |
| short bones | ankle, wrist |
| flat | ribs, pelvis, shoulder |
| sesamoid | kneecap |
| cranial bones | frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid |
| facial bones | lacrimal, zygomatic, nasal, vomer, maxillary, mandibular |
| cervical vertebrae | C1-C7, 7 bones, form neck bone, donot connect to ribs |
| thoracic vertebrae | T1-T12, 12 bones, connect to 12 pairs of ribs |
| lumbar vertebrae | L1-L5, 5 bones, strongest and largest spinal bones |
| sacrum | slightly curved, triangular shaped |
| coccyx | tailbone |
| pelvic bones | ilium, ischium, pubis |
| upper arm bone | humerus |
| elbow bone | olecranon |
| medial lower arm bone | ulna |
| lateral lower arm bone (on line with thumb) | radius |
| wrist bones | carpals |
| five bones radiating to the finger (hand bones) | metacarpals |
| finger bones | phalanges |
| upper leg/thigh bone | femur |
| kneecap | patella |
| largest lower leg bone | tibia |
| smaller lower leg bone | fibula |
| ankle bones | tarsals |
| bones radiating to the toes (foot bones) | metatarsals |
| toe bones | phalanges |
Created by:
tobi
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