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chapter 8
digestive system
Term | Definition |
---|---|
anorexia nervosa | eating disorder characterized by a false perception of body appearance. This leads to an intense fear of gaining weight and refusal to maintain a normal body weight. |
antiemetic | a medication that is administered to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting |
aphthous ulcers | also known as canker sores or mouth ulcers, are grey-white pits with a red border in the soft tissues lining the mouth |
botulism | (food poisoning) a rare, but very serious, condition transmitted through contaminated food or an infected wound |
bulimia nervosa | an eating disorder characterized by frequent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting or the misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or other medications. |
cachexia | a condition of physical wasting away due to the loss of weight and muscle mass that occurs in patients with diseases such as advanced cancer or AIDS. |
cholecystalgia | pain in the gallbladder |
cholecystectomy | the surgical removal of the gallbladder. |
cirrhosis | progressive degenerative disease of the liver that is often caused by excessive alcohol use or by viral hepatitis B or C |
colonoscopy | the direct visual examination of the inner surface of the entire colon from the rectum to the cecum |
Crohn's Disease | a chronic autoimmune disorder that can occur anywhere in the digestive tract; however, it is most often found in the ileum and in the colon |
diverticulitis | the inflammation of one or more diverticula in the colon |
Dyspepsia | also known as indigestion, is pain or discomfort in digestion |
Dysphagia | difficulty in swallowing |
Enteritis | an inflammation of the small intestine caused by eating or drinking substances contaminated with viral and bacterial pathogens |
Esophageal varices | enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus |
Esophagogastroduodenscopy | an endoscopic procedure that allows direct visualization of the upper GI tract which includes the esophagus, stomach, and upper duodenum |
hematemesis | the vomiting of blood |
Hepatitis | an inflammation of the liver |
hital hernia | a condition in which a portion of the stomach protrudes upward into the chest, through an opening in the diaphragm |
inguinal hernia | the protrusion of a small loop of bowel through a weak place in the lower abdominal wall or groin. |
jaundice | a yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and the eyes. |
morbid obesity | the condition of weighing two to three times, or more, than the ideal weight or having a body mass index value greater than 39. |
peristalisis | a series of wave-like contractions of the smooth muscles in a single direction |
regurgitation | the return of swallowed food into the mouth |
salmonellosis | also referred to as salmonella, is transmitted by food that is contaminated by feces. |
ulcerative colitis | a chronic condition of unknown cause in which repeated episodes of inflammation in the rectum and large intestine cause ulcers and irritation |
volvulus | the twisting of the intestine on itself that causes an obstruction |
an/o | anus |
chol/e | bile or gall |
cholecyst/o | gallbladder |
col/o, colon/o | colon |
-emesis | vomiting |
enter/o | small intestines |
esophag/o | esophagus |
gastr/o | stomach |
hepat/o | liver |
-lithiasis | presence of stones |
-pepsia | digestion |
-phagia | swallowing |
-proct/o | rectum |
sigmoid/o | sigmoid colon |