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Consti...sm (Ch. 16)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| constitutionalism | - government power is limited by law - delicate balance between the power of government and the rights and liberties of individuals |
| gentry | - wealthy landowners in the countryside who dominated politics in the House of Commons - relied heavily on legal precedent to limit the power of the king on economic and political powers |
| House of Commons | - England's lower house in Parliament |
| Stuart dynasty | - ruled England for most of 17th century - although the exhibited absolutist tendencies, they were restrained by the growth of Parliament - James I, Charles I, Charles II, James II |
| James I | - (1603-1625) - 1st of Stuart kings, struggled w/ Parliament - Scottish king, believed in "divine right" |
| “divine right” of kings | - God only chose him to rule |
| Charles I | - (1625-1649) - son of James I - wanted to rule w/o Parliament - sought control of Church of England - tax issues pitted him against Parliament - Petition of Right - dissolved Parliament in 1629 - rule w/o Parliament known as "Thorough" |
| Petition of Right, 1628 | - Parliament attempted to encourage the king to grant basic legal rights in return for granting tax increases |
| “Short Parliament” | - (1640) - a Scottish military revolt occurred when Charles I attempted to impose the English Prayer Book on the Scottish Presbyterian church |
| “Long Parliament” | - (1640-1648) - Charles I turns to Parliament for money - Puritans came to represent majority in Parliament against the king's Anglican supporters |
| Archbishop Laud |
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