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INTRO to anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Word parts that come at the beginning of words are called | prefixes |
| word parts that come at the end of a word are called | suffixes |
| the core/fundamental meaning of the word is called what? | word root |
| what is a combining form? | when a vowel is added to a root word |
| when do you use the combining form? | when adding a suffix |
| from which direction are medical terms broken down? | right to left |
| what is anatomical position? | posture used as reference when describing body parts in relation to each other |
| what is a transverse plane? | across the body, divides into top and bottom |
| what is a sagittal plane? | median or middle, divides into left and right |
| what is a coronal or frontal plane? | divides body into front and back |
| what cavity is within the thoracic cavity? | mediastinum |
| what structure divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity? | diaphragm |
| what space is located within the thoracic cavity that lies between the lungs and contains the heart, trachea, esophagus and great vessels | mediastinum |
| what division is the stomach located in? the bladder? | epigastric and hypogastric |
| what are the vertebral regions in order with how many vertebrae? | cervial 7, thoracic 12, lumbar 5, sacral 5, coccyx 1 |
| what are the four major elements the body is composed of? | carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen |
| organize the body into the correct order of parts | atoms/molecules - cells - tissue - organs - systems - organism |
| the fundamental basic structural unit of the body | the cell |
| cell membrane | skin of cell, outer covering |
| cytoplasm | jelly like fluid inside the cell, holds nutrients and waste and organelles |
| nucleus | brain of the cell contains chromosomes |
| how many chromosomes in a cell? | 23 pairs, 46 total |
| karyotyping | genetic testing checks for genetic defects |
| nucleolus | small ball of protein in nucleus that produces proteins |
| mitrochondria | power plants of cell that produce energy and make ATP |
| endoplasmic reticulum | network of tubes and vessicles that transport proteins |
| what are the 4 types of tissues in the body | connective, epithelial, muscle, nervous |
| what is the function of epithelial tissue | to protect and lubricate |
| mucous membranes secrete what to protect and lubriacte | mucus |
| what are the four types of epithelial tissue | mucous membranes, serous membranes, cutaneous membranes, glands |
| what systems have organs that are lined with mucous membranes? | respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive |
| what tissues line organs that are in contact with the external world? | mucous membranes |
| what is the INNER layer of serous membranes called lays closest to the organs | visceral layer |
| what is the OUTER layer called that lines the body cavity | parietal |
| name the three serous membranes and location | pericardium - heart, pleura - lungs, peritoneum - abdomen |
| what is the main purpose of connective tissue? | to join, connect and support |
| name the types of connective tissue | loose/areolar, adipose, dense fibrous, elastic, cartilage, bone, blood |
| name the three types of muscle tissue | skeletal, cardiac, smooth |
| the central nervous system is composed of what two things? | brain and spinal cord |
| what is homeostasis | bodys tendency to maintain a steady state or constant environment |
| what is a nutrient | any useful substance, carbs proteins fats vitamins minerals |
| what is energy | the ability to work |
| what is metabolism | sum of all chemical reactions |
| what is anabolism | building up simple substances to make new ones |
| catabolism | breaking down complex substances into simple ones |
| osmosis | when water moves from greater concentration to lesser concentration |
| diffusion | when particles move from greater concentration to lesser concentration |
| function of systems - Gastrointestinal | bring in food (ingest), digest food, excrete food |
| function of systems - Musculoskeletal | provide heat, movement, (muscles) provide structure, make blood (skeletal) |
| function of systems - integumentary | protective |
Created by:
a.adams
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