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Herlihy 3

Cells

QuestionAnswer
Cytology study of cells
Cell membrane membrane that surround cell - holds cell together allows substances to cross or not - semipermeable
Lipid soluble substances substances that move across cell membrane by dissolving in the lipid portion of the cell membrane - oxygen and carbon dioxide
Water soluble substances cross cell membrane through pores
Drugs are classified as ______ soluble or _______ soluble. Drug ______ determines the drugs __________ through the body Lipid-soluble; water-soluble; solubility; distribution
Nucleus of cell control center
Mitochondria ATP production; power plant of cell
Endoplasmic reticulum - rough synthesizes protein
Golgi Apparatus finishes and packages protein for export
4 passive transport mechanisms that move substances across the cell membrane diffusion; facilitated diffusion; osmosis; filtration
Diffusion movement of substance from higher concentration to lower - tablet of red dye in water; skunk;
Transport mechanism that moves oxygen into blood and carbon dioxide out diffusion - oxygen diffuses from alveolus in lung into blood; carbon dioxide from blood to lung
Facilitated diffusion substance is helped across the membrane by a molecule within the membrane; transport of glucose
Osmosis special case of diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane which allows the passage of some substances;
During osmosis water will move from area where concentration is higher (A) to lower (B) as a result volume in A increases; concentrations in both changes
Edema process of accumulation of water in tissue spaces via osmosis - swelling
Tonicity ability of a solution to affect the volume and pressure within a cell
Tonicity - Isotonic solution solution is same concentration as the cell; RBC in isotonic solution neither gains nor loses water; used for IV
Tonicity - Hypotonic Solution water with no solute; moves water into cell by osmosis: from more water to less; causes RBC to burst = hemolysis
Tonicity - Hypertonic Solutions RBC in salt water shrinks or crenates
Filtration passive transport with pressure; syringe; movement across capillaries with blood pressure
Active Transport Pumps requires energy (ATM)
Endocytosis active transport mechanism that involves intake of food or liquid. particle too large to pass through membrane via diffusion; particle is surrounded by cell and engulfed
Phagocytosis endocytosis that involves a solid particle - white blood cells phagocytose bacteria
Pinocytosis ell ingests a water droplet
Exocytosis moves substances out of cell - pancreas makes protein and expels it
CELL CYCLE
Interphase - 3 phases Gap phase G1-cell carries on normal activities; Phase S-cell duplicates chromosomes; Second Gap phase G2-synthesizes enzyme and other proteins needed for mitotic phase-M phase
Mitosis M phase - cell divides into 2 identical cells
Stages of Mitosis Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (Play Me A Tune)
Cancer drugs are often described by the_____ they attack cell cycle stage
Characteristics of cancer cells are _____ and _____ they can't stop dividing and they are poorly differentiated
Stem Cells relatively undifferentiated cells whose function is to produce more unspecialized cells; when divides one becomes specialized and one prepares to make more stem cells
Apoptosis cell death or suicide; body rids old, unnecessary or unhealthy cells; produces a million cells per second
CELL PARTS
PASSIVE TRANSPORT MECHANISMS
ACTIVE TRANSPORT MECHANISMS
CELL CYCLE
Created by: catchris
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