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Chapter 19
Section 3 Specific defenses Part 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| antibodies may bind to the sites that bacteria and toxins bind to, making the virus or toxin incapable of attaching itself to a cell. This mechanism is known as ___ | neutralization |
| the coating of antibodies and complement protein increase the effectiveness of phagocytosis is an effect called | opsonization |
| antibodies can tie large numbers of antigens together, creating an ____. When the target antigen is on the surface of a cell or a virus, the formation of immune complexes is called ___ | immune complex, agglutination |
| sensitization to an allergen during the initial exposure leads to the production of large quantities of ___ | IgE |
| ___ is a rapid and severe response to an antigen. | Immediate hypersensitivity |
| an example of hypersensitivity __ | allergic rhinitis, anaphylaxis |
| when antigen enters blood stream stimulating mast cells, extensive peripheral vasodilatation occurs, producing a drop in blood pressure that can lead to circulatory collapse. A response called | anaphylactic shock |
| an example of a localized allergic reaction is ____ and an example of a systemic allergic reaction is ___ | allergic rhinitis, anaphylaxis |
| ____ is an autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation resulting from the release of autoantibodies against thyroglobulin | thyroiditis |
| ____ autoimmune disorder occurs when autoantibodies form immune complexes within connective tissues around the joints. | rhematoid arthritis |
| _____ autoimmune disorder caused by autoantibodies that attack cells in the pancreatic islets | insulin-dependant diabetes mellitus |
| the risk of autoimmune disorders increases if an individual has an unusual type of ___ protein | MHC |
| ___ is a reduction in the sensitivity of the immune system. ____ a compound derived from a fungus, was the most important immunosuppresive drug developed in 1980s | immunosuppression, CsA "cyclosporin A |
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btuehara
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