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Blue Module
Reverse Definitions-Bloody, Lymph and Immune Systems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| hemophilia | a hereditary disorder in which there is an impairment of the blood clotting mechanism |
| hemoglobin | a specialized plasma protein containing iron which gives blood its red colour and carried oxygen to the body tissues |
| immunocompetent | ability to develop an immune response or recognize antigens and respond to them |
| edema | abnormal accumulation of fluids in the intercellular spaces of the body |
| disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) | abnormal activation of the proteins involved in blood coagulation, causing small blood clots to form in vessels and cutting off supply of oxygen to distal tissues |
| thrombocytopenia | abnormal decrease in platelets caused by low production of platelets in the bone marrow or increased destruction of platelets in blood vessels, spleen and liver |
| hemosiderosis | abnormal increase of iron in the blood |
| leukocytosis | abnormal increase of white cells |
| lymphadenopathy | any disorder of the lymph nodes |
| hemoglobinpathy` | any disorder caused by abnormalities in the hemoglobin molecule |
| immunotherapy | any form of treatment that alters, enhances, stimulates, or restores the body's natural immune mechanisms to treat disease |
| von Wellebrand disease | bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency of von Wellebrand factor, a sticky protein that lines blood vessels and reacts with platelets to form a plug that leads to lot formation |
| antiserum | blood serum that contains antibodies |
| megakaryocyte | cell with a large nucleus; fragments become platelets |
| cytokine | chemical substance produced by certain cells that initiates, inhibits, increases, or decreases activity in other cells |
| pernicious anemia | chronic progressive anemia found mostly in people older than age 50 due to lack of sufficient vitamin B12 needed for blood cell development |
| blood | composed of liquid portion called plasma and a solid portion containing RBC's WBC's and platelets |
| graft-versus-host (GVHD) | complication that occurs following a stem cell or bone marrow transplant in which the transplant produces antibodies against recipient's organs |
| phagocytosis | condition of eating or ingesting cells |
| leukopenia | decrease in white blood cells |
| thrombocytopenia | decrease of platelets |
| erythropenia | decrease of red blood cells |
| antimicrobials | destroy bacteria, fungi and protozoa, depending on the particular drug, generally by interfering with the functions of their cell membrane or their reproductive cycle |
| thrombolysis | destruction of a clot |
| hemolytic | destruction of RBC's commonly resulting in jaundice |
| erythrocytolysis | destruction of red cells |
| dyspnea | difficulty breathing |
| adenopathy | disease of a gland |
| thrombolytics | dissolve blood clots by destroying their fibrin strands |
| vertigo | dizziness |
| myeloblast | embryonic WBC formed in bone marrow |
| splenomegaly | enlargement of the spleen |
| autoimmune disease | failure of body to accurately distinguish between what is "self" and what is "non-self" |
| hematopoiesis | formation of blood cells and platelets in the bone marrow |
| bone marrow magnetic resonance imaging | highly sensitive imaging procedure that detects lesions and changes in bone tissue and bone marrow, especially in multiple myeloma |
| allergy injections | injection with increasing strengths of the offending antigen give or a period of months or years to increase tolerance o an antigen responsible for server allergies |
| reticulocyte | immature RBC |
| folic acid deficiency anemia | inability to produce sufficient red blood cells due to the lack of folic acid a B vitamin essential for erythropoiesis |
| transfusion | infusion of blood or blood products from one person to another |
| homologous | infusion of bone marrow or stem cell from a compatible donor after a course of chemotherapy and or radiation. Also called allogenic transplant |
| bone marrow transplant | infusion of healthy bone marrow stem cells after the disease bone marrow is destroyed by chemotherapy and or radiation treatment. Used to treat leukemia, aplastic anemia, and certain cancers |
| autogolous | infusion of the patient's own bone marrow or stem cells |
| sickle cell anemia | inherited anemia that causes RBC;s to become crescent or sickle shaped when oxygen levels are low |
| lymphoscintigraphy | introduction of radioactive tracer into the lymph channels to determine lymph flow, identify obstructions, and locate the sentinel node |
| iron-deficiency anemia | lack of sufficient iron in RBCs |
| monocyte | leukocyte that is phagocytic; has large nucleus |
| esoinophil | leukocyte that protects the body by releasing toxins to destroy harmful invaders |
| basophil | leukocyte that releases histamines and heparin; slightly phagocytic |
| hematoma | localized accumulation of blood, usually clotted, in an organ, space, or tissue due to a break in or severing of a blood vessel |
| hypotension | low blood pressure |
| multiple myeloma | malignant tumor of plasma cells in the bone marrow |
| erythrocyte | mature red blood cells |
| anitfibrinolytics | neutralized fibrinolytic chemicals in mucous membranes of the mouth, nose and urinary tract to prevent the breakdown of blood clots |
| monospot | nonspecific rapid serological test for the presence of heterophile antibody, which develops several days after infection by Epstein-Barr virus, the organism that causes mono nucleosis |
| phlebotomy | obtaining blood for the purpose of testing |
| immunologist | one who specializes in the study of protection |
| thrombocythemia | over production of platelets, leading to thrombosis of bleeding disorders due to platelet malformations |
| hypochromic | pertaining to decrease in colour |
| thrombocyte | platelet; initiates blood clotting |
| sepsis | presence of bacteria or their toxins in the blood; also called septicemia or blood posioning |
| fat-soluble vitamins | prevent and treat bleeding disorders resulting from lack of prothrombin which is commonly called vitamin K deficiency |
| anticoagulants | prevent blood clot formation by inhibiting the synthesis or inactivating one or more clotting factors |
| antivirals | prevent replication of viruses within host cell |
| graft rejection | process in which recipient's immune system attacks a transplanted organ or tissue |
| antibody | protective protein produced by B lymphocytes in response to he presence of a foreign substance called an antigen |
| tachycardia | rapid heart beat |
| erythema | redness of the skin |
| anemia | reduction in the number of circulating red blood cells |
| bone marrow aspiration | removal of a small sample of bone marrow using a thin aspirating needle for microscopic examination |
| lymphadenectomy | removal of lymph nodes, especially in surgical procedures undertaken to remove malignant tissue |
| sentinel node excision | removal of the first lymph node that receives drainage from cancer containing areas and the on most likely to contain malignat cells |
| thymectomoy | excision or removal of thymus gland |
| myeloid | resembling bone marrow |
| complete blood count (CBC) | series of test that include hemoglobin, hematocrit, red and white blood cells counts; platelet counts, and differential count. Also called hemogram |
| aplastic (Hyoplastic) | serious form of anemia associated with bone marrow failure and resulting in erythropenia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. |
| natural killer cells (NK) | specialized lymphocytes that kill abnormal cells by releasing chemicals that destroy the cell membrane, causing its intercellular fluids to leak out. |
| hemocytoblast | stem cell, from which other blood cells develop |
| antigen | substance, recognized as harmful to the host, that stimulates formation of antibodies in an immunocompetent individual |
| bile pigment | substances derived from a the breakdown of hemoglobin and excreted by the liver |
| lymphedema | swelling (edema) primarily in a single arm or leg, due to accumulation of lymph within tissues caused by obstruction or disease in the lymph vessels |
| partial thromboplastin time (PTT) | test that measures the time it takes for blood to clot and screen for deficiencies of some clotting factors; also called active partial thromboplastin time |
| prothrombin time (PT) | test that measures the time it takes for prothombin to for a clot also called pro time |
| blood culture | test to determine the presence of pathogens I the bloodstream |
| Shilling test | test used to diagnose pernicious anemia by determining if the body properly absorbs vitamin B12 through the digestive tract |
| antinuclear antibody (ANA) | test to identify antibodies that attack the nucleus of the individual's own body cells |
| plasma | the liquid portion of blood where blood cells are suspended |
| neutrophil | the most numerous of white cells, highly phagocytic |
| morphology | the study of shape |
| viscous | thick, sticky |
| myeloid tissue | tissue which resembles the myelocyte |
| lymphoma | tumor of the lymph tissue |
| granulocyte | type of white blood cell containing granules; formed in the red bone marrow |
| agranulocyte | type of white blood cell without granules |
| biological | use of immune system stimulators to enhance the immune response in the treatment of certain forms of cancer, rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn disease, also called biologic therapy or biotherapy |
| lymphangiography | visualization of lymphatic channels and lymph nodes using a contrast medium to determine blockages or other pathologies of the lymph system |
| systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE) | widespread autoimmune disease that may affect the skin, brain, kidneys, and joints and causes chronic inflammation; also called discoid lupus if symptoms are limited to the skin, |
| lymphocytes | white blood cell in blood and lymphatic tissues; provides protection from bacteria |
| leukocyte | white blood cell; prevents invasion of foreign microorganisms |
Created by:
amatt
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