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Musculature
OIAN
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Coracobrachialis Origin | Coracoid process of scapula |
| Coracobrachialis Insertion | Medial surface of mid-humerus |
| Coracobrachialis Action | Flex humerus Adduct humerus |
| Coracobrachialis Nervation | Musculocutaneous |
| Pronator Teres Origin | Common flexor tendon from the medial epicondyle of the humerus |
| Pronator Teres Insertion | Middle of the lateral surface of radius |
| Pronator Teres Action | Pronate forearm (*assist to flex elbow) |
| Pronator Teres Nervation | Median |
| Brachialis Origin | Distal half of anterior humerus |
| Brachialis Insertion | Tuberosity and coranoid process of ulna |
| Brachialis Action | Flex elbow |
| Brachialis Nervation | Musculocutaneous-small branch from radius |
| Brachioradialis Origin | Proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus |
| Brachioradialis Insertion | Radial styloid |
| Brachioradialis Action | Flex elbow (Assist with pro/sup) |
| Brachioradialis Nervation | Radial |
| Anconeus Origin | Lateral epicondyle of humerus |
| Anconeus Insertion | Olecranon process and posterior proximal surface of ulna |
| Anconeus Action | Extend elbow |
| Anconeus Nervation | Radial |
| Teres Major Origin | Inferior angle, Lower 1/3 of lateral border of scapula |
| Teres Major Insertion | Crest of lesser tubercle of humerus |
| Teres Major Action | Adduct shoulder Internally rotate shoulder Extend shoulder |
| Teres Major Nervation | Lower subscapular |
| Subscapularis Origin | Subscapular fossa of scapula |
| Subscapularis Insertion | Lesser tubercle of humerus |
| Subscapularis Action | Internally rotate shoulder Stabilize shoulder |
| Subscapularis Nervation | Upper & lower subscapular |
| Infraspinatus Origin | Infraspinatus fossa of scapula |
| Infraspinatus Insertion | Greater tubercle of humerus |
| Infraspinatus Action | External rotation of shoulder Adduction of shoulder |
| Infraspinatus Nervation | Suprascapular |
| Supraspinatus Origin | Supraspinatus fossa of scapula |
| Supraspinatus Insertion | Greater tubercle of humerus |
| Supraspinatus Action | Abduct shoulder Stabilize shoulder |
| Supraspinatus Nervation | Suprascapular |
| Deltoid Origin | Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula |
| Deltoid Insertion | Deltoid tuberosity |
| Deltoid Action | Anterior fibers: ABD, FLEX, IR, Horz. ADD shoulder Middle fibers: ABD shoulder Post fibers: ABD, EXT, ER, Horz. ABD shoulder |
| Deltoid Nervation | Axillary |
| Teres Minor Origin | Upper 2/3 of lateral border of scapula |
| Teres Minor Insertion | Greater tubercle of humerus |
| Teres Minor Action | Externally rotate shoulder Adduct shoulder Stabilize head of humerous in glenoid cavity |
| Teres Minor Nervation | Axillary |
| Latissimus Dorsi Origin | Inferior angle of scapula, spinous processes of T7-T12, ribs 9-12, thoracolumbar aponeurosis, posterior illac crest |
| Latissimus Dorsi Insertion | Intertubicular groove of humerus (bicipital groove) |
| Latissimus Dorsi Action | Extend shoulder Adduct shoulder Internally Rotate shoulder |
| Latissimus Dorsi Nervation | Thoracodorsal |
| Pectoralis Major Origin | Medial half of clavicle, sternum, ribs 1-6 |
| Pectoralis Major Insertion | Crest of greater tubercle of humerus |
| Pectoralis Major Action | All fibers: ADD, IR shldr, assist to elevate thorax during forced inhalation with fixed arm Upper fibers: FLEX, Horz. ADD shldr Lower fibers: EXT shldr |
| Pectoralis Major Nervation | Upper fibers: Lateral pectoral Lower fibers: Lateral & medial pectoral |
| Pronator Quadratus Origin | Medial/anterior surface of distal ulna |
| Pronator Quadratus Insertion | Lateral/anterior surface of distal radius |
| Pronator Quadratus Action | Pronate the forearm |
| Pronator Quadratus Nervation | Median |
| Supinator Origin | Lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral ligament |
| Supinator Insertion | Anterior/lateral surface of proximal 1/3 of radial shaft |
| Supinator Action | Supinate forearm |
| Supinator Nervation | Radial |
| Triceps Brachii Origin | Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Lateral head: posterior surface of proximal half of humerus Medial head: posterior surface of distal 1/2 of humerus |
| Triceps Brachii Insertion | Olecranon process |
| Triceps Brachii Action | All heads: extend elbow Long head: Extend elbow, extend shoulder, adduct shoulder |
| Triceps Brachii Nervation | Radial |
| Biceps Brachii Origin | Long head: Superaglenoid tubercle of scapula Short head: Coracoid process of scapula |
| Biceps Brachii Insertion | Radial tuberosity, aponeurosis of biceps brachii |
| Bicep Brachii Action | Flex elbow Flex shoulder Supinate forarm |
| Bicep Brachii Nervation | Musculocutaneous |
| Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Origin | Distal 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus |
| Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Insertion | Base of second metacarpal |
| Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Action | Extend wrist radial deviate (assist to flex elbow) |
| Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Nervation | Radial |
| Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Origin | Common extensor tendon from lateral epicondyle |
| Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Insertion | Base of third metacarpal |
| Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Action | Extend wrist radial deviate (assist to flex elbow) |
| Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Nervation | Radial |
| Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Origin | Humeral head: common extensor tendon from lateral epicondyle Ulnar head: posterior surface of proximal 2/3 of ulna |
| Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Insertion | Pisiform hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal |
| Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Action | Flex wrist ulnar deviate (assist to flex elbow) |
| Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Nervation | Ulnar |
| Flexor Carpi Radialis Origin | Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus |
| Flexor Carpi Radialis Insertion | Bases of 2nd & 3rd metacarpals |
| Flexor Carpi Radialis Action | Flex, radial deviate wrist (assist to flex elbow) |
| Flexor Carpi Radialis Nervation | Median |
| Palmaris Longus Origin | Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle |
| Palmaris Longus Insertion | Flexor retinaculum & palmer aponeurosis |
| Palmaris Longus Action | Tense palmar fascia Flex wrist (assist to flex elbow) |
| Palmaris Longus Nervation | Median |
| Pectoralis Minor Origin | Ribs 3-5 |
| Pectoralis Minor Insertion | Medial surface of coracoid process of scapula |
| Pectoralis Minor Action | Depress scapula Abduct (protract) scapula Downwardly rotate scapula Assist in forced inhalation with fixed scapula |
| Pectoralis Minor Nervation | Medial Pectoral |
| Serratus Anterior Origin | External surfaces of upper 8-9 ribs |
| Serratus Anterior Insertion | Anterior surfaces of medial border of scapula |
| Serratus Anterior Action | Abduct (protract) scapula Depress scapula Upwardly rotate scapula prevent winging of scapula (may assist to elevate rib cage with forced inhalation with fixed scapula) |
| Serratus Anterior Nervation | Long Thoracic |
| Trapezius Origin | External occipital protuberance, Superior nuchal line of occiput, Ligamentum nuchae, Spinous processes of C7-T12 |
| Trapezius Insertion | Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, Acromion, Spine of scapula |
| Trapezius Action | Upper fibers(unilat): Cerv lateral FLEX to same side Cerv rotate to opposite side Elevate/upwardly rotate scapula Upper fibers(bilat): Cerv EXT Middle Fibers: ADD (retract) scapula Stabilize scapula Lower Fibers: Depress/upwardly rotate scapula |
| Trapezius Nervation | Accessory (cranial nerve XI), Ventral Ramus |
| Rhomboid Minor Origin | Spinous processes C7-T1 |
| Rhomboid Minor Insertion | Upper portion of medial border of scapula-across from spine of scapula |
| Rhomboid Minor Action | Adduct (retract) scapula Elevate scapula Downwardly rotate scapula |
| Rhomboid Minor Nervation | Dorsal Scapular |
| Rhomboid Major Origin | Spinous processes of T2-T5 |
| Rhomboid Major Insertion | Medial boarder of scapula between spine of scapula and inferior angle |
| Rhomboid Major Action | Adduct (retract) scapula Elevate scapula Downwardly rotate scapula |
| Rhomboid Major Nervation | Dorsal scapular |
| Levator Scapula Origin | Transverse processes of C1-C4 |
| Levator Scapula Insertion | Medial border of scapula between superior angle and superior portion of spine of scapula |
| Levator Scapula Action | Unilateral: Elevate scapula Downward rotate scapula Cervical lateral flexion Cervical rotation to same side Bilateral: Cervical extension |
| Levator Scapula Nervation | Dorsal scapular Cranial nerves |
| Opponens Pollicis Action | Opposition of thumb |
| Opponens Pollicis Nervation | Median |
| Adductor Pollicis Action | Adduct thumb (CMC and MCP joints; assist in thumb flexion (MCP joint) |
| Abductor Pollicis Brevis Action | Abduct thumb (CMC and MCP joints); assist in thumb opposition |
| Abductor Pollicis Brevis Nervation | Median |
| Flexor Pollicis Brevis Action | Flex thumb (CMC and MCP joints); assist in thumb opposition |
| Abductor Pollicis Longus Action | Abduct & extend thumb (CMC joint); radial deviate wrist |
| Abductor Pollicis Longus Origin | Posterior surface of radius and ulna and interosseous membrane |
| Abductor Pollicis Longus Insertion | Base of first metacarpal |
| Abductor Pollicis Longus Nervation | Radial |
| Extensor Pollicis Longus Action | Extend thumb & radial deviate wrist |
| Extensor Pollicis Longus Origin | Posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane |
| Extensor Pollicis Brevis Action | Extend thumb & radial deviate wrist |
| Extensor Pollicis Brevis Origin | Posterior surface of radius & interosseous membrane |
| Extensor Pollicis Brevis Insertion | Proximal phalange of thumb |
| Extensor Pollicis Brevis Nervation | Radial |
| Flexor Pollicis Longus Action | Flex thumb & assist to flex wrist |
| Flexor Pollicis Longus Origin | Anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane |
| Flexor Pollicis Longus Insertion | Distal phalange of thumb |
| Flexor Pollicis Longus Nerviation | Median |
| Abductor Digiti Minimi Action | Abduct fifth finger (MCP joint); assist in fifth finger opposition |
| Abductor Digiti Minimi Nervation | Ulnar |
| Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Action | Flex the fifth finger (MCP joint); assist in fifth finger oppositoin |
| Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Nervation | Ulnar |
| Opponens Digiti Minimi Action | Opposition of fifth finger |
| Opponens Digiti Minimi Nervation | Ulnar |
| Extensor Digiti Minimi Action | Extends fifth finger |
| Extensor Digiti Minimi Nervation | Radial |
| Lumbricals Action | Extend PIP & DIP of fingers 2-5; Flex MCP of fingers 2-5 |
| Lumbricals Nervation | Median (fingers 2-3), Ulnar (fingers 4-5) |
| Palmar Interossei Action | Adduct fingers towards 3rd finger; Assist in finger flexion (MCP joint); assist in finger extension (PIP & DIP joints via extensor aponeurosis) |
| Palmar Interossei Nervation | Ulnar |
| Dorsal Interossei Action | Abduct fingers (MCP joint); Assist in finger flexion (MCP joint); assist in finger extension (PIP & DIP joints via extensor aponeurosis) |
| Dorsal Interossei Nervation | Ulnar |
| Splenius Capitis and Cervicis Action | Unilateral: rotate head & neck to same side; laterally flex head & neck to same side. Bilateral: Extend head & neck |
| Splenius Capitis and Cervicis Origin | Capitus: Inferior 1/2 of ligamentum nuchae/ spinus processes of C7-T4 Cervicis: Spinous process T3-T6 |
| Splenius Capitis and Cervicis Insertion | Capitus: Mastoid process and lateral portion of superior nuchal line Cervicis: Spinous processes C1-C3 |
| Splenius Capitis and Cervicis Nervation | Cervical nerves |
| Longus Capitis Action | Unilateral: Rotate head & neck to same side; laterally flex head & neck to same side Bilateral: Flex head & neck |
| Longus Capitis Nervation | C1,2,3,(4) |
| Longus Colli Action | Unilateral: rotate head & neck to same side; laterally flex head & neck to same side Bilateral: flex head & neck |
| Longus Colli Nervation | C2-6, (7) |
| Sternocleidomastoid Action | Unilateral rotate head & neck to opposite side, laterally flex head & neck to same side Bilateral: flex neck, assist in inhalation |
| Sternocleidomastoid Origin | Sternal head: Top of manubrium Clavicular head: medial 1/3 of clavicle |
| Sternocleidomastoid Insertion | Mastoid process of temporal bone, lateral portion of superior nuchal line of occiput |
| Sternocleidomastoid Nervation | C(1), 2, 3 |
| Scalenes Action | Unilateral: rotate head & neck to the opposite side, laterally flex head and neck to the same side Bilateral: elevate ribs during inhalation Bilateral anterior scalenes: flex head & neck |
| Scalenes Origin | Anterior transverse processes of C3-C6 Middle transverse processes of C2-C7 Posterior transverse processes of C6-C7 |
| Scalenes Insertion | Anterior: rib 1 Middle: rib 1 Posterior: rib 1 |
| Scalenes Nervation | C(3), 4-8 |
| Platysma Action | Assist in mandible depression, tighten fascia of neck, draw down corners of mouth |
| Platysma Nervation | Facial (Cranial Nerve VII) |
| Occipitofrontalis Action | Raise eyebrows, wrinkle forehead |
| Occipitofrontalis Nervation | Facial (Cranial Nerve VII) |
| Orbicularis Oculi Action | Close eyes tightly |
| Orbicularis Oculi Nervation | Facial (Cranial Nerve VII) |
| Orbicularis Oris Action | Approximates and protrudes lips as in whistling |
| Obicularis Oris Nervation | Facial (Cranial Nerve VII) |
| Zygomaticus Major Action | Smile |
| Zygomaticus Major Nervation | Facial (Cranial Nerve VII) |
| Masseter Action | Elevate mandible (TMJ), may assist protract the mandible |
| Masseter Nervation | Trigeminal (Cranial nerve V) mandibular division |
| Temporalis Action | Elevate & retract mandible (TMJ) |
| Temporalis Nervation | Trigeminal (Cranial Nerve V) mandibular divistion |
| Medial Pterygoid Action | Unilateral: Laterally deviate mandible to opposite side Bilateral: elevate & protract mandible |
| Medial Pterygoid Nervation | Trigeminal (Cranial Nerve V) |
| Lateral Pterygoid Action | Unilateral: Laterally deviate mandible to opposite side Bilateral: protract mandible |
| Lateral Pterygoid Nervation | Trigeminal (Cranial Nerve V) |
| Digastric Action | If hyoid bone is fixed, depresses the mandible. If mandible is fixed, elevates the hyoid retracts the mandible (TMJ) |
| Digastric Nervation | Anterior belly: Trigeminal (Cranial V) mandibular division Posterior belly: Facial Cranial Nerve VII) |
| Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Action | Extend upper cervical, rotate head to same side |
| Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Nervation | Suboccipital |
| Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Action | Extend upper cervical |
| Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Nervation | Suboccipial |
| Oblique Capitis Superior Action | Extend upper cervical, laterally flex head to same side |
| Oblique Capitis Superior Nervation | Suboccipial |
| Oblique Capitis Inferior Action | Rotate head to same side |
| Oblique Capitis Inferior Nervation | Suboccipital |
| Quadratus Lumborum Action | Unilateral: lateral pelvic tilt, trunk lateral flexion, assist to extend trunk Bilateral: fix rib 12 during forced inhalation and exhalation |
| Quadratus Lumborum Origin | Posterior iliac crest |
| Quadratus Lumborum Insertion | Rib 12, transverse process of 1-4 lumbar vertebraw |
| Quadratus Lumborum Nervation | Lumbar Plexus, T12, L1, 2, 3 |
| Rectus Abdominis Action | Flex trunk, posterior pelvic tilt |
| Rectus Abdominis Nervation | T5-T12, Ventral Rami |
| Rectus Abdominis Origin | Pubic crest, pubic symphysis |
| Rectus Abdominis Insertion | Cartilage of ribs 5-7, xiphoid process |
| External Oblique Action | Unilateral: trunk lateral flexion to the same side, trunk rotation to the opposite side Bilateral: flex trunk, compress abdominal contents |
| External Oblique Origin | External surface of ribs 5-12 |
| External Oblique Insertion | Anterior iliac crest; abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba |
| External Oblique Nervation | T5-T12 |
| Internal Oblique Action | Unilateral: trunk lateral flexion to the same side, trunk rotation to the same side Bilateral: flex trunk, compress abdominal contents |
| Internal Oblique Origin | Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia |
| Internal Oblique Insertion | Internal surface of lower 3 ribs; abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba |
| Internal Oblique Nervation | T7-T12, L1, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal, ventral rami |
| Transverse Abdominis Action | Compress abdominal |
| Transverse Abdominis Origin | Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia and internal surface of lower ribs |
| Transverse Abdominis Insertion | Abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba |
| Transverse Abdominis Nervation | T7-12, L1, iliohypogastric and ilioguinal, ventral divisions |
| Diaphragm Action | Draw down central tendon of diaphragm; increase volume of thoracic cavity during inhalation |
| Diaphragm Origin | Costal: inner surface of lower 6 ribs Lumbar: upper 2-3 lumbar vertebrae Sternal: inner part of xiphoid process |
| Diaphragm Insertion | Central tendon |
| Diaphragm Nervation | Phrenic |
| Intercostals Action | External intercostals: assist with inhalation by drawing ribs superiorly, increasing the space of the thoracic cavity Internal intercostals: assist with exhalation by drawing the ribs inferiorly, decreasing the space in the thoracic cavity |
| Intercostals Origin | Inferior border of the rib above |
| Intercostals Insertion | Superior border of the rib below |
| Intercostals Nervation | Thoracic |
| Serratus Posterior Superior Action | Elevate ribs during inhalation |
| Serratus Posterior Superior Origin | Spinous processes of C7-T3 |
| Serratus Posterior Superior Insertion | Posterior surface of ribs 2-5 |
| Serratus Posterior Superior Nervation | T1-T4 |
| Serratus Posterior Inferior Action | Depress ribs during exhalation |
| Serratus Posterior Inferior Origin | Spinous processes of T12-L3 |
| Serratus Posterior Inferior Insertion | Posterior surface of ribs 9-12 |
| Serratus Posterior Inferior Nervation | T9-T12 |
| Intertransversarii Action | Unilateral: trunk lateral flexion to the same side Bilateral: extend trunk |
| Intertransversarii Origin | Span: Transverse processes C2-C7 transverse processes L1-5 |
| Intertransversarii Insertion | Span: transverse processes of C2-C7 transverse processes of L1-5 |
| Intertransversarii Nervation | Spinal Nerves |
| Interspinalis Action | Extend trunk |
| Interspinalis Origin | Span: spinous process C2-T3 Spinous process T12-L5 |
| Interspinalis Insertion | Span: spinous process C2-T3 Spinous process T12-L5 |
| Interspinalis Nervation | Spinal nerves |
| Spinalis Action | Unilateral: trunk lateral flexion to same side Bilateral: extend trunk |
| Spinalis Origin | Spinous process of the upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae; Ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of C7 |
| Spinalis Insertion | Spinous processes of upper thoracic and cervicals EXCEPT C1 |
| Spinalis Nervation | Spinal nerves |
| Longissimus Action | A: Unilateral: trunk lateral flexion to same side Bilateral: extend trunk |
| Longissimus Origins | Common tendon; transverse processes of upper 5 thoracic vertebrae |
| Longissimus Insertion | Lower 9 ribs and transverse processes of thoracic verabrae; transverse processes of cervical vertebrae; mastoid process of temporal bone |
| Longissimus Nervation | Spinal nerves |
| Iliocostalis Action | Unilateral: trunk lateral flexion to same side Bilateral: extend trunk |
| Iliocostalis Origin | Common tendon; posterior surface of ribs 1-12 |
| Iliocostalis Insertion | Transverse process of lumbar vertebrae 1-3 and posterior surface of ribs 1-12; transverse processes of lower cervicals |
| Iliocostalis Nervation | Spinal Nerves |
| Multifidi Action | Unilateral: rotate trunk to opposite side Bilateral: extend trunk |
| Multifidi Origin | Sacrum and transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae |
| Multifidi Insertion | Spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through C2; span 2-4 vertebrae |
| Multifidi Nervation | Spinal Nerves |
| Rotatores Action | Unilateral: rotate trunk to opposite side Bilateral: extend trunk |
| Rotatores Origin | Transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae |
| Rotatores Insertion | Spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through C2; span 1-2 vertebrae |
| Rotatores Nervation | Spinal nerves |
| Semispinalis Capitis Action | Extend head & trunk |
| Semispinalis Capitis Origin | Transverse processes of C4-T5 |
| Semispinalis Capitis Nervation | Cervical Nerves |
| Semispinalis Capitis Insertion | Between the superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occiput |
Created by:
Ahudak
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