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Human anatomy intro
positions/cavities/etc
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anatomical position | Body is erect with palms facing up. facing the observer. |
| superior | towards the head |
| inferior | away from the head |
| anterior | front of the body |
| posterior | back of the body |
| proximal | towards the point of attachment |
| distal | away from point of attachment |
| medial | closer to the midline |
| lateral | farther away from the midline |
| superficial | towards the surface of the body |
| deep | farther away from the body |
| visceral | membrane that covers the organ |
| parietal | membrane that covers the body cavity |
| supine | body face up |
| prone | body face down |
| sagittal | divides body into right/left positions |
| midsagittal | divides body into equal right/left portions |
| coronal | divides body into front/back |
| transverse | right to left, dividing body |
| longitudinal | cut length wise on a cylindrical body part |
| oblique | neither parallel nor at a right angle |
| cranium | brain case |
| cervical region | neck |
| thorax | chest |
| abdomen | abdominal |
| axilla | armpit |
| brachium | upper arm |
| femoral region | thigh |
| plantar surface | sole of foot |
| neuro | nerve |
| myo | muscle |
| gastric | stomach |
| hepatic | live |
| renal | kidney |
| osteo | bone |
| chondro | cartelidge |
| pleural | lung |
| cardiac | heart |
| dorsal body cavity | vertebral and cranial cavities |
| cavities largest to smallest - lungs | thoracic- plueral |
| cavities largest to smallest - heart | thoracic - mediastinum - pericardium |
| cavities largest to smallest - urinary bladder | thoracic - abdominal pelvic- abdominal |
| cavities largest to smallest - brain | dorsal crainial |
| atom | smallest particle of an element |
| atom consist of a central | nucleus |
| the nucleus of an atom is made up of positively charged ( 2 answers ) | protons and neutrons |
| surrounding the nucleus is an area of mostly empty space that is effectively occupied by the negative | electrons |
| some atoms lose or gain electrons, becoming electrically charged atoms called | ions |
| how many electrons can the outer shell hold | eight |
| two atoms of the same element are called | isotope |
| atoms join together by bonding to form | molecules |
| there are two major types of bonds in molecules which are - | ionic and covalent |
| list the levels of organization from smallest to largest | atom - molecule- macromolecule - organelle- cell - tissue - organ - organ system - organism |
| negative feedback loop | the net effect is the output of the system shuts off the original stimulus |
| example of negative feedback loop | low/high blood sugar |
| positive feedback loop | the effects of a small disturbance on a system include an increase in the magnitude of the perturbation |
| all of the chemical reactions and processes occurring in an organism are called | metabolism |
| positive feedback loop example | childbirth |
Created by:
rcbutler23
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