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014
Integument System Overview - Q – Symptomatic terms & A – Meaning
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| lesion (Fig. 3-2) | an area of pathologically altered tissue; the two types of lesions are primary and secondary |
| primary lesions | lesions arising from previously normal skin |
| macule or macula (Fig. 3-3, A) | a flat, discolored spot on the skin up to 1 cm across (e.g., a freckle) |
| patch (Fig. 3-3, B) | a flat, discolored area on the skin larger than 1 cm (e.g., vitiligo) |
| papule (Fig. 3-3, C) | a solid mass on the skin up to 0.5 cm in diameter (e.g., a nevus [mole]) |
| plaque (Fig. 3-3, D) | a solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter and limited to the surface of the skin |
| nodule (Fig. 3-3, E) | a solid mass greater than 1 cm that extends deeper into the epidermis |
| tumor (Fig. 3-3, F) | a solid mass larger than 1–2 cm |
| wheal (Fig. 3-3, G) | an area of localized skin edema (swelling) (e.g., a hive) |
| vesicle (Fig. 3-3, H) | little bladder; an elevated, fluid-filled sac (blister) within or under the epidermis up to 0.5 cm in diameter (e.g., a fever blister) |
| bulla (Fig. 3-3, I) | a blister larger than 0.5 cm (e.g., a second-degree burn) (bulla = bubble) |
| pustule (Fig. 3-3, J) | a pus-filled sac (e.g., a pimple) |
| secondary lesions | lesions that result in changes in primary lesions |
| erosion (Fig. 3-4, A) | gnawed away; loss of superficial epidermis, leaving an area of moisture but no bleeding (e.g., area of moisture after rupture of a vesicle) |
| ulcer (Fig. 3-4, B) | an open sore on the skin or mucous membrane that can bleed and scar; sometimes accompanied by infection (e.g., decubitus ulcer) |
| excoriation (Fig. 3-4, C) | a scratch mark |
| fissure (Fig. 3-4, D) | a linear crack in the skin |
| scale (Fig. 3-4, E) | a thin flake of exfoliated epidermis (e.g., dandruff) |
| crust (Fig. 3-4, F) | a dried residue of serum (body liquid), pus, or blood on the skin (e.g., as seen in impetigo) |
| vascular lesions | lesions of a blood vessel |
| cherry angioma (Fig. 3-5, A) | a small, round, bright red blood vessel tumor on the skin, often on the trunk of the elderly |
| telangiectasia (Fig. 3-5, B) | a tiny, red blood vessel lesion formed by the dilation of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole, most commonly on the face, neck, or chest (telos = end) |
| spider angioma | 0 |
| purpuric lesions | purpura; lesions resulting from hemorrhages into the skin |
| petechia (Fig. 3-5, C) | spot; reddish-brown, minute hemorrhagic spots on the skin that indicate a bleeding tendency; a small purpura |
| ecchymosis (Fig. 3-5, D) | bruise; a black and blue mark; a large purpura (chymo = juice) |
| cicatrix of the skin | a mark left by the healing of a sore or wound, showing the replacement of destroyed tissue by fibrous tissue (cicatrix = scar) |
| keloid (Fig. 3-6) | an abnormal overgrowth of scar tissue that is thick and irregular (kele = tumor) |
| epidermal tumors | skin tumors arising from the epidermis |
| nevus (see Fig. 3-1) | a congenital malformation on the skin that can be epidermal or vascular; also called a mole |
| dysplastic nevus | a mole with precancerous changes |
| verruca (Fig. 3-7) | an epidermal tumor caused by a papilloma virus, also called a wart |
Created by:
MT student1
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