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Chapter 4
Muscular System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Muscul/o my/o myos/o | make body movement possible, hold body erect, move body fluids, and produce body heat |
| fasci/o | cover, support, and separate muscles |
| ten/o tend/o tendin/o | attach muscles to bones |
| bi- | two |
| -cele | hernia |
| dys- | bad |
| fasci/o | fascia |
| fibr/o | fibrous connective tissue |
| -ia | condition of |
| -ic | pertaining to |
| kines/o kinesi/o | movement of |
| my/o | muscle |
| -plegia | paralysis |
| -rrhexis | coordination |
| tax/o | rupture |
| ten/o tend/o tendin/o | tendon |
| ton/o | tone |
| tri- | three |
| abduction | moves away from the midline |
| adduction | moves toward the midline |
| adhesion | band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together |
| ataxia | inability to coordinate muscle activity during voluntary movement |
| atonic | meaning lacking normal muscle tone or strength |
| atrophy | means of weakness or wearing away of body tissue and structures |
| bradykinesia | extreme slowness in movement |
| carpal tunnel syndrome | bony passage under the carpal ligament below the inner surface of the wrist |
| chronic fatigue syndrome | profound fatigue that is not improved with rest |
| circumduction | circular movement of a limb at the far end |
| contracture | permanent tightening of fascia |
| dorsiflexion | bends the foot upward at the ankle |
| dyskinesia | distortion or impairment of voluntary movement such as a tic |
| dystaxia | partial ataxia |
| dystonia | abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement |
| electromyography | measures electrical activity in a muscle |
| electroneuromyography | never condition studies |
| epicondylitis | inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow |
| ergonomics | study of human factors in the workplace |
| exercise physiologist | specialist who work under the supervision of a physician to administer physical test and promote physical fitness |
| fascilitis | inflammation of a fascia |
| fibromyalgia syndrome | symptoms causing weakness |
| ganglion cyst | harmless fluid filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the wrist |
| heel spur | calcium deposit in the plantar fascia |
| hemiparesis | slight paralysis on one side of the body |
| hemiplegia | total paralysis affecting one side of the body |
| hyperkinesia | hyperactivity |
| hypertonia | excessive tone |
| hypokinesia | abnormally decreased muscle function or activity |
| hypotonia | diminished tone of skeletal muscles |
| impingement syndrome | swollen or inflamed tendons are caught in the narrow space between the joints |
| intermittent claudication | pain in the leg muscle that occurs during exercise |
| muscular dystrophy | progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles |
| myasthenia gravis | chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction produces weakness of voluntary muscles |
| myocele | protrusion of muscle through a tear in the fascia |
| myoclonus | sudden involuntary jerking of muscle |
| myofasical release | technique used to release pain |
| myolysis | degeneration or breaking down of muscle |
| myoparesis | weakness or slight muscular paralysis |
| myorrhaphy | surgical suturing a muscle wound |
| myotonia | disorder characterized by the slow relaxation of the muscles |
| nocturnal myoclonus | jerking during sleeping |
| oblique | meaning santed or at an angle |
| paralysis | loss of sensation and voluntary movement through disease or injury |
| paraplegia | paralysis of both legs and lower part of the body |
| physiatrist | physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehab |
| plantar fasciltis | inflammation of the plantar fascia |
| polymyositis | disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakling of voluntary muscles |
| pronation | turning the palm of the hand downward or backward |
| quadriplegia | paralysis of all four extremities |
| sarcopenia | loss of muscle mass |
| shin splint | painful condition caused by the muscle tearing away from the tibia |
| singultus | hiccups |
| spasmodic torticollis | wryneck |
| sphincter | constricts opening of passageway |
| sprain | injury to a joint |
| tenodesis | surgical suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone |
| tenodynia | pain in a tendon |
| tenolysis | release of a tendon from adhesion |
| tenorrhaphy | surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon |
Created by:
SavannahNethken
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