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Sociology 1 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sociology | the scientific study of social structure; patterned social behavior |
| Social Structure | the patterned interaction of people in social relationships |
| Sociological Perspective | a view that looks at the behavior of groups, not individuals |
| Sociological Imagination | the ability to see the link between society and self |
| Positivism | the belief that knowledge should be derived from scientific observation |
| Social statics | the study of social stability and order |
| Social dynamics | the study of social change |
| Bourgeoise | class owning the means for producing wealth |
| Capitalist | person who owns or controls the means for producing wealth |
| Proletariat | working class; those who labor for the bourgeoise |
| Class conflict | the ongoing struggle between the bourgeoise and the proletariat |
| Verstehen | understanding social behavior by putting yourself in the places of others |
| Rationalization | the mind-set emphasizing knowledge, reason, and planning |
| Theoretical perspective | a set of assumptions accepted as true |
| Functionalism | approach that emphasizes the contributions made by each part of society |
| Manifest functions | intended and recognized consequences of an aspect of society |
| Latent functions | unintended and unrecognized consequences of an aspect of society |
| Dysfunction | negative consequence of an aspect of society |
| Conflict perspective | approach emphasizing the role of conflict, competition, and constraint within a society |
| Symbolic interactionism | approach that focuses on the interactions among people based on mutually understood symbols |
| Harriet Martineau | Translated the Positive Philosophy into English, which made the subject of sociology more popular |
| Karl Marx | Popularized the communistic form of government; wanted to do away with capitalism |
| Jane Adams | Established the settlement house, Hull House, in Chicago, IL to help immigrants |
| Auguste Comte | the father of Sociology; was inspired to create the science of studying society after witnessing the effects of the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution |
| W.E.B. DuBois | established the 2nd sociological dept. in the U.S. at Clark Atlanta University; refuted many myths about the inferiority of black people |
| Booker T. Washington | felt that African American success relied more on education and economic freedom rather than integration |
| George Herbert Mead | explored and researched self development; laid the foundation for symbolic interactionism |
| Julian Samora | first recognized Mexican-American sociologist; focused on civil rights, discrimination, poverty, etc. |
| Emile Durkheim | first sociologist to use statistical techniques to analyze research data; he found that social behavior must be explained by social factors rather than just psychological ones |
| Max Weber | felt that sociologist should recognize society’s values, beliefs, and attitudes; popularized the method of verstehen |
| Herbert Spencer | considered society as an integrated whole; popularized the theory of Social Darwinism |
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rwilliams0054
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