Sociology 1 Vocab
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| Sociology | the scientific study of social structure; patterned social behavior
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| Social Structure | the patterned interaction of people in social relationships
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| Sociological Perspective | a view that looks at the behavior of groups, not individuals
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| Sociological Imagination | the ability to see the link between society and self
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| Positivism | the belief that knowledge should be derived from scientific observation
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| Social statics | the study of social stability and order
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| Social dynamics | the study of social change
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| Bourgeoise | class owning the means for producing wealth
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| Capitalist | person who owns or controls the means for producing wealth
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| Proletariat | working class; those who labor for the bourgeoise
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| Class conflict | the ongoing struggle between the bourgeoise and the proletariat
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| Verstehen | understanding social behavior by putting yourself in the places of others
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| Rationalization | the mind-set emphasizing knowledge, reason, and planning
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| Theoretical perspective | a set of assumptions accepted as true
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| Functionalism | approach that emphasizes the contributions made by each part of society
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| Manifest functions | intended and recognized consequences of an aspect of society
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| Latent functions | unintended and unrecognized consequences of an aspect of society
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| Dysfunction | negative consequence of an aspect of society
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| Conflict perspective | approach emphasizing the role of conflict, competition, and constraint within a society
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| Symbolic interactionism | approach that focuses on the interactions among people based on mutually understood symbols
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| Harriet Martineau | Translated the Positive Philosophy into English, which made the subject of sociology more popular
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| Karl Marx | Popularized the communistic form of government; wanted to do away with capitalism
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| Jane Adams | Established the settlement house, Hull House, in Chicago, IL to help immigrants
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| Auguste Comte | the father of Sociology; was inspired to create the science of studying society after witnessing the effects of the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution
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| W.E.B. DuBois | established the 2nd sociological dept. in the U.S. at Clark Atlanta University; refuted many myths about the inferiority of black people
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| Booker T. Washington | felt that African American success relied more on education and economic freedom rather than integration
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| George Herbert Mead | explored and researched self development; laid the foundation for symbolic interactionism
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| Julian Samora | first recognized Mexican-American sociologist; focused on civil rights, discrimination, poverty, etc.
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| Emile Durkheim | first sociologist to use statistical techniques to analyze research data; he found that social behavior must be explained by social factors rather than just psychological ones
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| Max Weber | felt that sociologist should recognize society’s values, beliefs, and attitudes; popularized the method of verstehen
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| Herbert Spencer | considered society as an integrated whole; popularized the theory of Social Darwinism
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