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unit 1 u.s. history
Term | Definition |
---|---|
assimilation | the absorption of people into the dominant culture |
civil service | nonmilitary government employees |
Dawes Act | an 1887 federal law distributing land to individual indians rather than to tribes, thereby encouraging indians to become assimilated |
Exodusters | african americans who migrated from the south to the great plains following the civil war |
gold standard | a monetary policy requiring that every paper dollar in circulation be backed by a dollar’s worth of gold in the U.S. treasury |
Homestead Act | in 1862 federal law that granted tracts of land called homesteads to western settlers who agreed to work the land and live on it for five years |
industrialization | the transformation from producing goods by hand to producing goods by machine |
labor union | a group of workers organized to protect the interests of its members |
philanthropist | a person who gives money to support worthy causes |
political machine | an organization consisting of full-time politicians whose main goal was to retain power and the money and influence that went with it |
populism | a political philosophy that favors the common person’s interest over those of wealthy people or business interests |
Populist Party | a political party founded in 1892 calling for policies to help working people, such as government ownership of railroads and coinage of silver |
reservation | an area of federal land reserved for indian tribes |
Social Gospel | a religious movement of the late 1800s based on the idea that social reform and christianity go hand in hand |
transcontinental railroad | a railroad that spans the continent |
urbanization | the growth of cities |