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test #2
Stack #163161
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Epithelial Tissue | Covers surfaces, glands, tubes |
Connective Tissue | support/bind tissue, energy reserves, immunity |
Muscular Tissue | Movement |
Nervous Tissue | Communication, coordination, activities |
Squamous epitheium | flat rapid passage of substances |
Cuboidal epithelium | square, secretion/absorption |
Columnar epithelium | taller, more protection, secretion/absorption, may have vili or cilia |
Transitional epithelium | changes shape, cubodial to flat, stretch, in bladder |
Simple epithelium | single layer, diffusion, osmosis, filteration, secretion, absorption |
Simple squamous | lines heart,aveoli,blood vessels |
Simple columnar | some cuboidal, ovaries,secretary part of glands, thyroid |
Ciliated | move mucus/particles |
Ciliated simple columnar epithelium | tracheal,upper repiratory tract |
Gladular epithelium | specialized epithelium |
Glands | secretes substance |
Endocrine glands | secrete into interstital fluid and diffuse pituitary, hormone, adrenals, thyroid |
Exocrine glands | secrete into ducts ( mucus, perspiration, milk, saliva, digestive enzymes) |
Collagen fibers | very strong, 25% protien in body, in most connective tissue, vit. C, MSM |
Elastic fibers | smaller, stretch 1 1/2 x length and return, elastin |
Reticular fibers | support walls of vessel, organ framework, thin fibers, basement membrane |
Loose connective tissue | keep blood vessels in place |
Areolar | subcutaneous, mucous membranes, around blood vessels |
Adipose | fat, triglyceride storage |
Reticular connective tissue | binds smooth muscle, liver, spleen, lymphnodes |
Dense connective tissue (Regular) | tendons, ligaments, aponeurosis attatchments |
Dense connective tissue (Irregular) | fascia, deep dermis periosteum, joint/organ capsules |
Elastic connective tissue | lung,arteries, bronchides, vocal cords, ligaments between vertebrae |
Hyaline cartilage | ends of long bones, ribs, nose, larynx, trachea |
Fibro cartilage | pubis symphysis, IVD, menisci |
Elastic cartilage | ear, epiglottis, eustachian tubes |
Muscle (Skeletal) | attatch to bones, straited, voluntary |
Muscle (Cardiac) | heat, intercalated disc, involuntary, straited |
Muscle (Smooth) | non-straited, invouluntary, bladder |
Mucous membrane | line cavity open to exterior |
Serous (pleura, peritoneum, pericardium) membrane | line closed cavity (pleura in the lungs, pericardium |
Keratinocytes | produces keratin, water repellant/sealant, 90% of cells |
Melanocytes | pigment melanin, 8% of cells, absorb UV light |
Langerhan's Cells | immune cells, damaged by UV light |
Merkel Cells | tactile sensation, touch, hot cold etc |
Papillae | fingerlike projections, contain, A,V, and N. Meisner's sorpuscles and free nerve endings |
Meisner's corpuscles | touch |
Free nerve endings | warm, cool, pain, tickle, itch |
Epidermal layers | slowly pushed to surface |
Stratum basale (stratum germinativum) | deepest, cuboidal/columnaer, keratinocytes, single layer, some stem cells- continually produce keratinocytes |
Stratum soinosum | 8-10 layers, keratinocyes close together |
Stratum granilosum | 3-5 layers, keratinocytes in apoptosis keratin present to decrease water loss |
Stratum lucidum | thick skin. palms/soles of the feet/fingers 3-5 layers, flat, dead kreatinocytes and keratin |
Stratum corneum | 25-30 layers, continually shed, interior of cells mostly keratin, callus formation- increase number of layers from friction |
Accessories to the skin | dead keratinized cells |
Hair | most surface except palms, soles |
Follicle | Sheath around hair, has nerves |
Arrector pilli | Smooth muscle from dermis to follicle |
Alopecia | Hair loss |
Androgenic alopecia | male pattern baldness |
Root | in epidermis |
Shaft | superficial part |
Sebaceous gland | oil, most connected to hair follicle, make sebum, protect skin, blackhead, pimple, boil |
Sudorifeous glands | eccrine, water, ions, urea, uricacid, ammonia, glu, lac, a.a, reg. temp, in deep dermis, temperature regulation |
Apocrine glands | sex, excitement, axilla/groin, subcutaneous, open to hair follicle, more fat and protien than eccrine, emotional stress |
Ceruminous glands | earwax, sticky barrier to foreign matter |