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A&P Lab
chapter1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| anatomical position | Standing toes and hand/ palms forward |
| body directions | Superior/Inferior, Anterior/Posterior, Medial/Lateral, Cephalad/Caudal, Dorsal/Ventral, Proximal/Distal, Superficial/Deep |
| body planes | Sagittal/median, mid sagittal, frontal/ coronal, transverse/cross section |
| names body systems | Integumentary system, Skeletal System, Muscular System, Nervous System, Endocrine System, Cardiovascular System,Lymphatic System, Respiratory System, Digestive system, Reproductive system |
| functions of the body systems | |
| homeostasis as applied to living organisms | Homeostasis in living organisms is the state in which the body is balanced, stable and has its equilibrium internally. |
| cell | Are the basic unit of structure and function in living things. May serve a specific function within the organism Examples- blood cells, nerve cells, bone cells, etc. |
| tissue | Made up of cells that are similar in structure and function and which work together to perform a specific activity |
| organ | A part of the body formed of two or more tissues that perform a specialized function |
| 4 types of tissues | epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous |
| epithelial | |
| connective | |
| muscle | |
| nervous | |
| tissue | |
| Integumentary system is our | external covering or the skin that covers our body providing waterproofing, sensory, cushioning and protection of our deeper tissue from injury as well as vitamin D synthesize. It also excretes salts, urea in our sweat and regulates body temperature. |
| Skeletal System | consists of bones, cartilages, ligaments and joints that support the body and framework used by muscles for movement. It also protects us from harm as well as provides formation of blood cells within the bone and stores minerals. |
| Muscular System | contractions/ shorten of the muscles causing movement, mobility. This functions as movement, standing, smiling, but also the beat of the heart, fluid movements and other substance through the body. |
| Nervous System is | control center responding to irritants or stimuli from outside the body (light, sound and temperature) and inside the body (lack of O2 ) . Sensory receptors detect this and send messages to the Central Nervous System which accesses the information. |
| Endocrine System | are glands that secrete hormones to regulate process used for growth, reproduction, and nutrients used by the cells. |
| Cardiovascular System | carries blood through various blood vessel supplying the body with O2 and nutrients while moving wastes and CO2 out of the body. Two organs of this system is the heart and veins |
| Lymphatic System | is our immunity and clean up system. This system complements the cardiovascular system by returning fluid that may leak from the system while cleaning the blood and housing many immunity cells needed for the body's defense. |
| Respiratory System | keeps our blood supplied with O2 and removes CO2 by using our lungs and trachea |
| Digestive system | breaks down and deliver food to the body for organ breakdown while taking it from there and later disposing it. Two organs of this system is stomach and liver |
| Reproductive system | for female and males is our reproduction system used for making off springs and for women nurturing their young. Two organs that aid in this is ovaries and testis. |
| body directions: Cephalad/Caudal | twardas head/ towards tailbone |
| body planes: Sagittal | median |
| body planes: frontal | coronal |
| body planes: transverse | cross section |
| Organ Systems | Groups of two or more tissues that work together to perform a specific function for the organism |
| organisms have the following 5 levels of organization | Cells, Tissue, Organs, Organ systems and Organisms |
| Organisms | Entire living things that can carry out all basic life processes. Meaning they can take in materials, release energy from food, release wastes, grow, respond to the environment, and reproduce. |
| what is contained in the dorsal | |
| what is contained in the ventral cavities | |
| Know the function of epithelial Tissue | |
| Know the function of connective Tissue | |
| Know the function of muscle Tissue | |
| Know the function of nervous Tissue | |
| Dorsal Cavity has | the Brain and spinal cord |
| ventral cavities | Thymus, heart lungs heart lungs trachea Bronchi esophagus diaphragm intestines rectum anus |
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