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Yellow Module
Yellow Module Cardiac Reveiw
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Descibe carpillaries. | Join arterial system with venous system. Most significant. Provides cells with vital products. Remove waste products from cells. |
| Describe the heart. | A hollow muscular organ lying in the mediastinum that propels blood to the entire body. |
| Describe the SA node. | Located in upper portion of right atrium. Has built in rhythm. Initiates and transmits each heart beat. Sets basic pace for cardiac rate. |
| How do veins return blood to the heart. | Skeletal muscle contractions Gravity Respiratory activity Valves |
| How is blood supplied to the heart muscle? | Coronary arteries. |
| Name the factors that influence blood pressure. | Resistance of blood flow Pumping action of heart Viscosity of blood Elasticity of arteries Quantity of blood |
| Name four structures responsible for electrical conduction of the heart. | SA node AV node Bundle of His Purkinje Fibers |
| AAA | abdominal aortic aneurysm |
| ACE | angiotensin converting enzyme |
| AF | atrial fibrillation |
| BBB | bundle branch block |
| CABG | coronary artery bypass graft |
| CC | cardiac catherization |
| CCU | coronary care unit |
| CPR | cardopulmonary resuscitation |
| CV | cardiovascular |
| DOE | dyspnea on exertion |
| DVT | deep vein thrombosis |
| ECG | electrocardiogram |
| ECHO | echocardiogram |
| EF | ejection fraction |
| HF | heart failure |
| HTN | hypertension |
| IV | intervenous |
| LA | left atrium |
| LV | left ventricle |
| MRA | magnetic resonance angiography |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| MVP | mitral valve prolapse |
| PAC | premature atrial contraction |
| PVC | premature vascular contraction |
| SA | sinoatrial |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| VT | ventricular tachycardia |
| angioplasty | Any endovascular procedure that reopens narrowed blood vessels. |
| cardioversion | Applying controlled electrical shoeck to the exterior of the chest. |
| DVT deep vein thrombosis | Blood clot that forms in the deep veins of the body. |
| thrombosis | Blood clot that obstructs a vessel. |
| bicuspid valve | Blood passes from the left atrium to the left ventricle; aka mitral valve. |
| pulmonary artery | Carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. |
| pulmonary vein | Carries oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs. |
| beta blockers | Causes a decrease of heart rate and contractility. |
| inferior vena cava | Collects and carries deoxygenated blood from the lower portion to the righ atrium. |
| Superior vena cava | Collects and carries deoxygenated blood from the top portion to the right atrium. |
| varicose veins | Condition which develops when the valves of the veins are damaged. |
| hypertension | Consistently elevated blood pressure. |
| hypotension | Decreased blood pressure. |
| thrombolysis | Destruction of a blood clot. |
| catheter ablation | Destruction of conductive tissue of the heart. |
| necrosis | Destruction of tissue. |
| stent | Devise used to hold open vessels. |
| nitrates | Dilate blood vessels to the heart. |
| Holter monitor | ECG recording system capable of storing 24 - 48 hours of tracings. |
| pericardium | Fibrous sac which encloses the heart. |
| atherosclerosis | Form of arteriosclerosis characterized by deposits of plaque in arteries. |
| arteriosclerosis | Hardening and narrowing of an artery. |
| arrhythmia | Inability of the heart to maintain a normal sinus rhythm. |
| insufficiency | Inability of the valves to close properly. |
| valvotomy | Incision of a valve to increase the size of the opening. |
| diuretics | Increase excretion of water and sodium. |
| phlebitis | Inflammation of a vein. |
| endocardium | Innermost layer of the heart. |
| angina | Intermittent chest pain. |
| MI myocardium infarction | Life-threatening condition characterized by necrosis in the myocardium. |
| ischemic | Local and temporary deficiency of blood supply. |
| aneurysm | Localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel. |
| tricuspid valve | Located between the right atrium and right ventricle. |
| ACE inhibitors (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) | Lowers blood pressure. |
| statins | Lowers cholesterol. |
| embolism | Mass lodged in a blood vessel. |
| myocardium | Muscular layer of the heart. |
| coarction | Narrowing of a vessel. |
| infarction | Necrosis of tissue following cessation of blood supply. |
| epicardium | Outermost layer of the heart. |
| cardiac catheterization | Passage of a catheter into the heart. |
| Name the three layers of the heart. | Endocardium Myocardium Epicardium |
| What are the three layers of artery walls? | Tunica externa Tunica media Tunica intima |
| pulmonic valve | Prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle. |
| laser ablation | Procedure used to remove or treat varicose veins. |
| palpitation | Sensation that the heart is not beating normally. |
| lipid panel | Series of tests used to assess risk of ischemic heart disease. |
| bruit | Soft blowing sound heard on auscultation. |
| systole | The contraction phase of the heart. |
| diastole | The relaxation phase of the heart. |
| Doppler U/S | Ultrasound that assesses different areas of the heart. |
| echocardiogram | Ultrasound used to visualize internal cardiac structures. |
| CHD | coronary heart disease |
Created by:
Barbara Ross
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