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A&P1-14 Excret/Unrin
Ch 14: Excretory/Urinary System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cystitis | An inflammation of the urinary bladder, usually caused by a bacterial infection |
| Dialysis | A treatment for renal failure in which a machine filters out excess fluid, salt, and nitrogenous wastes in the blood |
| Diuretic | A type of drug often prescribed for hypertensive patients to reduce their blood pressure by increasing urine production |
| Excretion | The removal of metabolic wastes from the body |
| Fluid compartments | **No per instructor** The 2 locations for water in the body - intracellular and extracellular |
| Glomerulonephritis | An inflammation of the filtration membrane in the glomerulus to produce hormones |
| Hyperkalemia | Condition in which the level of K+ (potassium) in the blood is too high |
| Hyponatremia | Condition in which the level of Na+ (sodium) in the blood is too low |
| Metabolic acidosis | **No per instructor** Condition in which there is decreased elimination of hydrogen ions by the kidneys or increased production of acidic substances through metabolism |
| Metabolic alkalosis | **No per instructor** A relatively rare condition that can occur if there is prolonged vomiting, which results in the repeated loss of stomach acids |
| Metabolic waste | Waste produced by cells |
| Metabolic water | **No per instructor** Water formed in the cells through cellular respiration |
| Micturition | The passing of urine out of the body |
| Nephron | **No per instructor** The functional unit of a kidney; composed of a renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, and distal convoluted tubule that drains into a collecting duct |
| Nitrogenous wastes | Wastes removed from the blood by the kidneys; include ammonia, urea, uric acid, and creatinine |
| Renal corpuscle | **No per instructor** Part of a nephron; composed of a glomerulus and glomerular capsule |
| Renal tubule | **No per instructor** Part of a nephron; composed of proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, and distal convoluted tubule |
| Respiratory acidosis | **No per instructor** Condition in which the respiratory system cannot eliminate sufficient CO2 (carbon dioxide) |
| Respiratory alkalosis | **No per instructor** Condition in which the respiratory system eliminates too much CO2 (carbon dioxide) |
| Secretion | The third process of urine production in the nephron; removes remaining wastes and excess hydrogen ions form the blood |