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Chapter 5
The Human Body: An Oreintation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abdominal cavity | is the space between the abdominal walls, above the pelvis, and below the diaphragm |
| Body cavity | spaces that hold organs |
| cardiovascular system | Body system that includes the heart and blood vessels; circulatory system. |
| connective tissue | Fibrous substance that forms the body’s supportive framework |
| anterior/ventral | At or toward the front of the body |
| Cell | the entire body is made of |
| blood system | Body system that includes blood and all its component parts |
| coronal plane | it divides the body into the anterior and posterior positions also known as frontal plane |
| cranial cavity | Space in the head that contains the brain |
| deep | Away from the surface |
| diaphragm | Muscle that divides the abdominal and thoracic cavities |
| digestive system | Body system that includes all organs of digestion and waste excretion |
| distal | Away from the point of attachment to the trunk |
| dorsal cavity | is on the back side of the body and contains the cranial and spinal cavities |
| endocrine system | Body system that includes glands which secrete hormones to regulate certain body functions |
| epigastic region | Area of the body immediately above the stomach. |
| epithelial tissue | Tissue that covers or lines the body or its parts |
| frontal plane | Imaginary line that divides the body into anterior and posterior positions |
| hypochondriac regions | Left and right regions of the body just below the cartilage of the ribs and immediately above the abdomen. |
| hypogastric region | Area of the body just below the umbilical region |
| iliac/inguinal regions | Left and right regions of the body near the upper portion of the hip bone |
| Inferior | Below another body structure |
| integumentary system | Body system that includes skin, hair, and nails |
| lateral plane | is parallel to the medial plane and divides the body into left and right sections |
| left lower quadrant (LLQ) | Quadrant on the lower left anterior side of the body |
| left upper quadrant | Quadrant on the upper left anterior side of the body |
| lumbar region | the left and right regions of the body in the back and sides between the lowest ribs and the pelvis |
| lymphatic/immune system | body system that includes the lymph, glands of the lymphatic system, lymphatic vessels, and the specific and nonspecific defenses of the immune system |
| medial | At or near the middle of the body |
| midsagittal plane | Imaginary line that divides the body into equal left and right halves |
| muscle tissue | Tissue that is able to expand and contract |
| musculoskeletal system | Body system that includes muscles, bones, and cartilage |
| Nerve | Bundle of neurons that bear electrical messages to the organs and muscles of the body |
| nervous system | Body system that includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, and controls most body functions by sending and receiving messages |
| nervous tissue | Specialized tissue that forms nerve cells and is capable of transmitting messages |
| Organ | groups of tissue that work together to perform a specific function |
| pelvic cavity | The body space below the abdominal cavity that includes the reproductive organs |
| posterior cavity | At or toward the back of the body |
| posterior/dorsal | At or toward the back of the body |
| prone | Lying on the stomach with the face down |
| proximal | At or near the point of attachment to the trunk |
| reproductive system | Either the male or female body system that controls reproduction |
| respiratory system | Body system that includes the lungs and airways and performs breathing |
| right lower quadrant (RLQ) | Quadrant on the lower right anterior side of the body |
| right upper quadrant (RUQ) | Quadrant on the upper right anterior side of the body |
| sagittal/lateral plane | Imaginary line that divides the body into right and left portions |
| sensory system | Body system that includes the eyes and ears and those parts of other systems involved in the reactions of the five senses |
| spinal cavity | Body space that contains the spinal cord |
| superficial | At or near the surface |
| superior | Above another body structure |
| supine | Lying on the spine facing upward |
| system | Any group of organs and ancillary parts that work together to perform a major body function |
| thoracic cavity | The body space above the abdominal cavity that contains the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels |
| tissue | Any group of cells that work together to perform a single function |
| transverse plane | Imaginary line that intersects the body horizontally |
| umbilical regoin | Area of the body surrounding the umbilicus |
| urinary system | Body system that includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra |
| ventral cavity | is in the front of the body and contains the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities |
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