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Purple Module
Reverse Def Special Senses
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| vestibule | a chamber that joins the cochlea and semicircular canals |
| equilibrium | state of balance controlled by the semicircular canals and vestibule |
| Eustachian tube | a tube which connects nose and throat with the cavity of the middle ear |
| cerumen | waxy secretion produced by the glands of the external ear canal to prevent entrance of foreign particles (ear wax) |
| refractive | ability to bend light rays as they pass from one medium to another (cornea) |
| epiphora | abnormal over flow of tears |
| glaucoma | (Grey tumor) accumulation of aqueous humor in the eye |
| accommodation | adjustment of the eye for various distances so that the images fall on the retina of the eye |
| cycloplegic agents | agents which paralyze ciliary muscles causing dilation of the pupils |
| ametropia | an error in refraction causing poor focus |
| retinopathy | any disorder of retinal blood vessels |
| humor | any fluid or semifluid of the body |
| conduction impairment | blocking of sound waves as they pass through the external and middle ear |
| retinitis pigmentosum | chronic progressive disease of degeneration of the retina and atrophy of optic nerve |
| trachoma | chronic , contagious form of conjunctivitis common in SW USA that typically leads to blindness |
| acuity | clearness or sharpness of sensory function |
| anacusis | complete deafness, also called anacusia |
| noise induced hearing loss | condition caused by destruction of hair cells , the organs responsible for hearing, caused by sounds that are too long, too loud or too close |
| strabismus | condition in which one eye is misaligned with the other our of synchrony |
| ophthalmic decongestants | constrict the small arterioles of the eye, decreasing redness and relieving conjunctival congestion |
| otoplasty | corrective surgery for deformed or excessively large or small pinna (external ear) |
| blepharoplasty | cosmetic surgery that removes fatty tissue above and below the eyes, result of aging or excessive sun exposure |
| dacrycystorhinostomy | creation of an opening in nose to for draining ears |
| antiglaucoma agents | decrease aqueous humor production by constricting the pupil to open the angle between the iris and the cornea |
| astigmatism | defective curvature of the cornea or lens |
| corectasis | dilation of the pupil |
| otopyorrhea | discharge of puss from the ear |
| Meniere disease | disorder of the labyrinth that leads to progressive loss of hearing |
| diabetic | small hemorrhages, edema, and formation of new vessel on retina leading to scarring with eventual loss of vision-usually occurs with diabetes mellitus |
| mydriatics | disrupt parasympathetic nerve supply to the eye or stimulate the sympathetic nervous system causing pupil to dilate |
| otoalgia | ear pain |
| fluorescein angiography | evaluation of blood vessels and their leakage in and beneath the retina after injection of fluorescein dye, which circulates while photographs of the vessels within the eye are taken |
| tonometry | evaluation of intraocular pressure by measuring the resistance of the eye ball to indentation by applied force |
| rentinoscopy | evaluation of refractive errors of the eye by projecting a light into the eyes to determine the movement of reflected rays |
| tuning fork | evaluation of sound conduction using vibrating tuning fork |
| ectropin | eversion, or outward turning of the edge of the lower eyelid |
| gonioscopy | examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye to determine ocular mobility and rotation and diagnose and mange glaucoma |
| iridectomy | excision of the iris |
| hyperopia | farsightedness- eye ball to shot image fall behind the retina |
| dacryorrhea | flow of tears |
| perilymph | fluid that very closely resembles spinal fluid but found in the cochlea |
| ear irrigation | flushing of the ear canal with water or a saline solution to dislodge impacted wax or foreign objects |
| cyclodialysis | formation of an opening between the anterior chamber and the suprachoroidal space for the draining of aqueous humor in glaucoma |
| otosclerosis | hardening of spongy bone around the oval window of the ear, causing hearing loss |
| audition | hearing |
| nyctlopia | impaired vision in dim light also called night blindness |
| prebyacusis | impaired hearing resulting from old age |
| radial keratotomy | incision of the cornea for treatment of nearsightedness or astigmatism |
| otitis externa | infection of the external auditory canal |
| conjunctivitis | inflammation of the conjunctiva with vascular congestion producing a red or pink eye |
| eustachitis | inflammation of the Eustachian tube |
| labyrinthitis | inflammation of the inner ear that usually results from an acute febrile process |
| iritis | inflammation of the iris |
| otitis media | inflammation of the middle ear |
| ophthalmic antibiotics | inhibit growth of microorganisms that infect the eye |
| pressure-equalizing tube placement | insertion of tubes through the tympanic membrane, commonly used to treat chronic otitis media. aka tympanostomy tubes |
| entropion | inversion or inward turning of the edge of te lower eyelid |
| estropia | inward turning of the eye(s) |
| tunic | layer or coat of tissue; also membrane layer |
| amblyopia | lazy eye syndrome |
| photopigments | light sensitive pigment in the retina cones and rods that absorbs light and initiates the visual process; also called visual pigment |
| horedeolum/stye | localized, circumscribed, inflammatory swelling of the eyelid, generally caused by bacterial infection: aka stye |
| wax emulisifiers | loosen and help remove impacted ceruman |
| presbyopia | loss of the accommodation of the crystalline lens associated with old age |
| anosima | loss of the sense of smell |
| audiometry | measurement of hearing acuity at various sound wave frequencies |
| ophthalmodynamometry | measurement of the blood pressure of the retinal vessels |
| electronystagmography | method of assessing and recording eye movements by measuring the electrical activity of the extraocular muscles |
| phacoemulsification | method of treating cataracts by using ultrasonic waves to disintegrate cloudy lens, which is then aspirated and removed |
| ciliary muscles | muscles which relax or contract to alter the shape of the lens, making it thicker or thinner thus enabling light rays to focus upon the retina |
| mastoid process | one of the temporal bones which encloses the sinuses |
| stapes | one of three bones of the middle ear; shaped like stirrups |
| malleus | one of three bones of the middle ear; shaped like a hammer |
| incus | one of the three bones of the middle ear; shaped like an anvil |
| semicircular canals | one of the three structures of the inner ear; responsible for balance |
| optometrist | one who specializes in eye measurements |
| cataracts | opacities on the lens or the capsule that encloses the lens, causing loss of vision |
| exotropia | outward turning of the eye(s) |
| ophthalmoplegia | paralysis of eye |
| visual acuity test | part of an eye examination that determines the smallest letters that can be read on a standardized chart at a distance of 20 feet |
| tinnitus | perception of ringing, hissing, or other sound in the ears or head when no external sound is present |
| lacrimal | pertaining to tear |
| olfactory | pertaining to smell |
| cochlea implant /bionic ear | placement of an artificial hearing device that produces hearing sensations by electrically stimulating nerves inside the inner ear |
| pneumatic | procedure that assesses the ability of the tympanic membrane to move in response to a change in air pressure |
| blepharoptosis | prolapses eyelid |
| otic analgesics | provide temporary relief from pain and inflammation associated with otic disorders |
| dacryocystography | radiographic imaging procedures of the nasolacrimal glands and ducts |
| tympanoplasty | reconstruction of the eardrum aka myringoplasty |
| evisceration | removal of the contents of the eye while leaving the sclera and cornea intact |
| enucleation | removal of the eyeball from the orbit |
| vertigo | sensation of a spinning motion either of oneself or of the surroundings |
| labyrinth | series of intricate communication passages |
| achromatopia | severe congenital deficiency in colour perception aka complete colour blindness |
| ear canal | slender tube lined with glands through which sound waves travel to the middle ear |
| chalazion | small hard tumor developing on the eyelid similar to a sebaceous cyst |
| cochlea | snail shaped inner ear structure |
| ophthalmic moisturizers | soothe dry eyes due to environmental irritants and allergens |
| slit-lamp examination (SLE) | stereoscopic magnified view of the anterior eye structures in detail, which includes the cornea, lens, iris,sclera and vitreous humor |
| opaque | substance or surface that neither transmits o allows the passage of light |
| sclerostomy | surgical formation of an opening in the sclera |
| mastoid antrotomy | surgical opening of a cavity within the mastoid process |
| keratocentisis | surgical puncture of the cornea |
| papilledema | swelling and hyperemia of the optic disc usually associated with the increased intracranial pressure; aka choked disc |
| gustation | taste |
| caloric stimulation test | test that uses different water temperatures to assess the vestibular portion of the nerve of the inner ear to determine if nerve damage is the cause of vertigo |
| cornea | the clear transparent portion of the sclera, anterior to the lens |
| sclera | the white of the eye, composed of a though fibrous tissue that serves as a shield for the more sensitive structures underneath |
| ossicles | three tiny articulating bones in the middle ear |
| hair cells | tiny nerve ending within the cochlea which combine with cochlea fluid to generate nerve impulses to the brain via the auditory nerve |
| adnexa | tissues or structures of the body adjacent to or near a related structure |
| antiemetics | treat and prevent nausea, vomiting, dizziness and vertigo by reducing the sensitivity of the inner ear to motion or inhibiting stimuli from reaching the part of the brain that triggers nausea and vomiting |
| rinne | tuning fork test evaluates bone conduction of sound in both ears at the same time |
| weber | tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction versus air conduction of sound |
| nystagmus | type of involuntary eye movements that appear jerky and may reduce vision |
| photophobia | fear of light, unusual intolerance to light |
| intracapsular extraction | use of cold metal probe to remove cataracts |
| meta morphopsia | visual distortion of objects |
| otoscopy | visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane using otoscope |
| ophthalmodynnamomentry | visual examination of the interior of the eye using a hand held instrument called an ophthalmoscope |
| 3 layers/tunic of the eye | Fibrous Tunic, Vascular Tunic, Sensory Tunic |
| Rods | visual receptor in the retina produces black and white vision; functions in dim light |
| Cones | visual receptor in the retina produce coloured vision; functions to in bright light. |
| macula | centre of the eye/retina |
| fovea | centre of the macula; composed of only cones |
| canals of Schlemm | small hole that allow aqueous humor to drain through |
| aqueous humor | fluid found in the anterior and posterior chambers of they eye that provide nourishment to the lens and cornea |
| vitreous humor | jelly like substance the fills the interior of they eye |
| myopia | nearsightedness-eye ball too long, image falls in front of the retina |
| hordeolum | stye |
Created by:
amatt
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