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masculoskeleton
chapter 14
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| inter- | between |
| epi- | above |
| hyper- | above, excessive |
| bi- | two |
| co- | together |
| hetero- | different |
| pre- | before |
| quadri- | four |
| sub- | below |
| in- | into, without |
| a- | into, without |
| dis- | apart, away from |
| -malacia | abnormal softness |
| -is | condition |
| -ar | pertaining to |
| -al | pertaining to |
| -ectomy | surgical removal of |
| -ic | pertaining to |
| -ism | condition |
| -itis | inflammation |
| -otomy | surgically cut into |
| -scopy | visual examination |
| -oid | resembling |
| -iatrist | one who treats |
| A.C.L | anterior cruciate ligament |
| D.O | doctor of osteopathy |
| T.M.J | temporomandibular joint |
| SI | sacroiliac |
| DJD | Degenerative joint disease |
| BMD | bone mineral density |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| PT | physiotherapy |
| NSAID | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| OA | osteoarthritis |
| DMD | duchenne muscular dystrophy |
| THR | total hip replacement |
| kyphosis | Thoracic curve of the spine |
| arthrocentesis | removal of fluid from a joint |
| lordosis | forward curvature of the spine |
| scapula | shoulder blade |
| sacrum | part of the pelvis |
| arthophy | wasting away of tissue, organ, or body part |
| polymyalgia | pain in multiple muscle groups |
| necrosis | death of tissue or cells |
| hypertrophy | increase in size but not number of an individual tissue |
| fibromyalgia | pain in muscle fibers |
| cranium | upper part of the skull that protects the brain |
| clavical | collarbone |
| carpal | pertaining to the wrist |
| humerus | long bone in the upper arm |
| gluteus | muscle in the butt |
| femur | thigh |
| dislocation | the state of being completely out of joint |
| patella | knee cap |
| scoliousis | lateral curvature of the spine |
| Sprain | wrench or tear in a ligament |
| strain | overstretching or tearing of a tendon |
| tendinitis/ tendonitis | inflammation of a tendon |
| ulna | the medical and large bone of the forearm |
| thorax | singular chest |
| dislocation | that state of being completely out of joint |
| peristeum | fibrous membrane covering the bone |
| marrow | fatty blood forming tissue in the cavities of long bones |
| trochanter | one of two boney prominence near the head of the femur |
| avulsion | forceful separation or tearing away, usually tendon from bone |
| osteomalacia | soft, flexible bones lacking in calcium and vitamin D, aka Rickets |
| osteoblast cells | bone forming cells |
| condyle | large end of the bone that forms a joint with another bone |
| sublaxtion | being partially out of joint |
| osteoporosis | condition in which bones become porous, brittle and fragile, making them more likely to fracture |
| close fracture | bone is broken, the skin is not |
| Reduction | the restoration of a structure to its normal position |
| green-stick fracture | fracture when one side of the bone is partially broken and the other is bent; most common in children |
| closed fracture | bone is broken,the skin is not |
| synovial | relation to synovial fluid and synovial membrane |
| osteoarthritis | chronic inflammatory diseases of the joints with pain and loss of function |
| myasthenia gravis | fluctuationg muscle weakness |
| fascia | sheet of fibrosis connective tissue |
| autograft | a graft using tissue taken from the person getting the graft |
| acromion | located in shoulder |
| zygomatic bones | bones in the cheek |
| triceps brachii | arm muscle |
| radius | fore arm bone |
| talus | located in the ankle joint |
| acetabulum | cup shaped joint in the hip |
| components of the skeletal system | bones, ligaments, cartilage, tendons |
| where do the muscles that support the hip joint and move the thigh originate from? | pelvic girdle |
| what role does the patella serve? | provide an increase of 30% strength |
| functions of the skeletal system | support, function, protection, movement, blood formation |
| factors that affect bone growth | genes, nutrition, exercise, miner diposition, mineral resorption, vitamins, hormones |
| steps of bone healing | 1.bleeding 2.new bone-callus 3. newer bone-cancellous 4.compact bone |
| example of cartilaginous joints? | meniscus |
| common disorders of the wrist | gangloin cysts, stenosing tenosynoitis, carpal tunnel, colles fracture |
| functions of skeletal muscle | movement, posture, body heat, respiration, communication |
| muscles used in mastication | masseter, temparalis, medical pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, buccinater |
| common disorders of he skeletal muscles | fibromyalgia, muscle soreness, muscular dystrophy, rhabdomyolysis, muscle cramps, myathenia gravis |
| functions of the pelvic girdle | supports axial skeleton transfers body weight provides attachments for lower limbs protects internal reproductive organs |
| how are bones classified? | by shape, long, short, flat, irregular |
| when the body is prone what position is it in? | laying face down, flat on your belly |
| what is the non-medical term for the clavicle? | collarbone |
| what is the non-medical term for the femur? | thigh |
| what is the medical term from the long bone in the upper arm? | humerous |
| what is the frequent cause of flexor tendon injuries? | lacerations |
| in what part of the body do joints that have structures between them occur? | the skull |
| what is the most common ligament injured in the knee? why? | ACL caused by sudden hyperflexion |
| how many bones are in the vertebral column? | 26 bones |
| what organs does the axial skeleton protect? | lungs, heart, brain, spinal cord |
| what causes carpal tunnel syndrome? | caused by swelling of the tendon sheaths from overuse or repetitive movement |
Created by:
elms.2012
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