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074
The Eye -Q – Diagnostic Terms & A – Meaning
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| refractive errors | defects in the bending of light as it enters the eye, causing an improper focus on the retina |
| astigmatism | distorted vision caused by an oblong or cylindrical curvature of the lens or cornea that prevents light rays from coming to a single focus on the retina (stigma = point) |
| hyperopia (Fig. 10-3, B) | farsightedness; difficulty seeing close objects when light rays are focused on a point behind the retina |
| myopia (Fig. 10-3, C) | nearsightedness; difficulty seeing distant objects when light rays are focused on a point in front of the retina |
| presbyopia | impaired vision caused by old age or loss of accommodation |
| accommodation | ability of the eye to adjust focus on near objects |
| amblyopia | decreased vision in early life because of a functional defect that can occur as a result of strabismus, refractive errors (when one eye is more nearsighted, farsighted, or astigmatic than the other), or trauma; usually occurs in one eye; also known as laz |
| aphakia | absence of the lens, usually after cataract extraction |
| blepharitis | inflammation of the eyelid |
| blepharochalasis | baggy eyelid; overabundance and loss of skin elasticity on the upper eyelid causing a fold of skin to hang down over the edge of the eyelid when the eyes are open (chalasis = a slackening) |
| blepharoptosis | drooping of the eyelid; usually caused by paralysis |
| chalazion | chronic nodular inflammation of a meibomian gland, usually the result of a blocked duct; commonly presents as a swelling on the upper or lower eyelid (chalaza = hailstone) |
| cataract | opaque clouding of the lens causing decreased vision |
| conjunctivitis | pinkeye; inflammation of the conjunctiva |
| dacryoadenitis | inflammation of the lacrimal gland |
| dacryocystitis | inflammation of the tear sac |
| diabetic retinopathy (Fig. 10-6, C; see Fig. 10-13, C) | disease of the retina in diabetics characterized by capillary leakage, bleeding, and new vessel formation (neovascularization) leading to scarring and loss of vision |
| ectropion | outward turning of the rim of the eyelid (tropo = turning) |
| entropion ) | inward turning of the rim of the eyelid |
| epiphora | abnormal overflow of tears caused by blockage of the lacrimal duct (epi = upon; phero = to bear) |
| glaucoma | group of diseases of the eye characterized by increased intraocular pressure that results in damage to the optic nerve, producing defects in vision |
| hordeolum | sty; an acute infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid (hordeum = barley) |
| iritis | inflammation of the iris |
| keratitis | inflammation of the cornea |
| macular degeneration | breakdown or thinning of the tissues in the macula, resulting in partial or complete loss of central vision |
| pseudophakia | an eye in which the natural lens is replaced with an artificial lens implant (pseudo = false) |
| pterygium | fibrous, wing-shaped growth of conjunctival tissue that extends onto the cornea, developing most commonly from prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light |
| retinal detachment | separation of the retina from the underlying epithelium, disrupting vision and resulting in blindness if not repaired surgically |
| retinitis | inflammation of the retina |
| strabismus | a condition of eye misalignment caused by intraocular muscle imbalance (strabismus = a squinting; hetero = other) |
| esotropia | right or left eye deviates inward, toward nose (eso = inward; tropo = turning) |
| exotropia | right or left eye deviates outward, away from nose (exo = out; tropo = turning) |
| scleritis | inflammation of the sclera |
| trichiasis | misdirected eyelashes that rub on the conjunctiva or cornea |
Created by:
shachi.pandit
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